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This article was co-written by Chris M. Matsko, MD. Dr. Matsko is a retired physician with offices in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was awarded the University of Pittsburgh Cornell’s Distinguished Leadership Award. He received his PhD from Temple University School of Medicine in 2007. He holds a Research Diploma from AMWA in 2016 and a Medical Content Writing & Editing Certificate from the University of Chicago in 2017.
There are 11 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 111,645 times.
Cats are mischievous, unpredictable, sometimes aggressive animals. If you are in contact with cats, you may occasionally be scratched by cats. Cats have sharp claws for self-defense, which can sometimes cause quite deep scratches. Proper care of your cat’s scratch will help you avoid complications from the wound.
Steps
Evaluation of cat scratch wounds
- Cats are fully vaccinated.
- Cats are in good health.
- Cats are mostly indoors.
- A superficial wound that occurs in the outermost layer of the skin and is slightly bleeding can be considered a skin wound.
- Deeper wounds that penetrate more than one layer of skin and bleed heavily can be considered serious. [2] X Trusted Source University of Rochester Medical Center Go to Source
Treating skin wounds
- Do not rub the scratched skin, as this may cause further damage (bruising) to the tissues.
- A synthetic antibiotic ointment can be applied to the wound three times a day. [8] X Research Sources
- Bacitracin is a good choice for people who are allergic to common synthetic antibiotic ointments.
- There is no need to take antibiotics if the wound is external to the skin caused by a domestic cat scratch. [9] X Research Source Dire DJ. Cat bite wounds: risk factors for infection. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 20(9);1991:973-979.
Deep wound treatment
- Before getting medical care, you may need first aid at home.
- You should definitely go to the doctor after taking the following steps to treat the wound.
- If the wound is wide, pull the edges of the wound together and apply a butterfly bandage, a type of bandage that can help close the wound. If needed, you can use a lot of butterfly bandages to close the wound, helping the wound to heal faster.
- If you don’t have an adhesive bandage, you can cover it with gauze and hold it in place with a medical bandage.
Assess the risk of cat scratch
- Severe pain, swelling, redness, or heat around the wound
- Red streaks appear from the wound
- Fluid oozing from the wound
- High fever
- Some cats with cat scratch disease may develop heart disease, ulcers in the mouth, or eye infections. [16] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- The first sign of cat scratch disease in humans is usually a small bump in the area where the cat scratched or bitten, accompanied by swollen lymph nodes in the armpit, groin, or neck. Followed by fever, fatigue, red eyes, joint pain and sore throat. [17] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Cat scratch disease in humans can cause serious eye, brain, liver or spleen damage. [18] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- People who lack resistance are at high risk of complications or even death from cat scratch fever.
- The diagnostic method for cat scratch disease is usually B henselae serology, but it can also be diagnosed by bacterial culture, histopathology, or chain reaction. The disease is treated with antibiotics such as azithromycin, rifampin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin or bactrim. [19] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Skin fungus often causes itching.
- Tinea capitis can be treated with an antifungal ointment such as miconazpe or clotrimazpe.
- People infected with parasites may present with fever, body aches, and swollen lymph nodes. Severe cases can damage the brain, eyes, lungs, and are especially dangerous for pregnant women. Therefore, pregnant women should avoid contact with cat litter trays or cat feces during pregnancy.
- Treat toxoplasmosis with antiparasitic drugs such as pyrimethamine. [22] X Research Source
- Fever
- Swelling in the head or neck
- Red, itchy, or scaly patches of skin
- Severe headache, lightheadedness or dizziness
Prevent Cat Scratching
Advice
- Flea treatment for cats. This won’t change your cat’s scratching behavior, but it can reduce the risk of complications like cat scratch fever. Consult with your veterinarian about the best method of keeping your cat flea-free.
- Note cutting or sharpening the cat’s nails.
Warning
- Always seek medical attention if you have been scratched by an unfamiliar cat, have a deep wound, or have a weak immune system.
- Avoid contact with feral or stray cats if possible.
This article was co-written by Chris M. Matsko, MD. Dr. Matsko is a retired physician with offices in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was awarded the University of Pittsburgh Cornell’s Distinguished Leadership Award. He received his PhD from Temple University School of Medicine in 2007. He holds a Research Diploma from AMWA in 2016 and a Medical Content Writing & Editorial Certificate from the University of Chicago in 2017.
There are 11 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 111,645 times.
Cats are mischievous, unpredictable, sometimes aggressive animals. If you are in contact with cats, you may occasionally be scratched by cats. Cats have sharp claws for self-defense, which can sometimes cause quite deep scratches. Proper care of your cat’s scratch will help you avoid complications from the wound.
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