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This article was co-written by Matt Bowman. Matt Bowman is a gardener and owner of the Tradition Company in Atlanta, Georgia. Since 2006, Tradition Company provides car wash, lawn care, property maintenance, housework service, firewood and Christmas tree delivery. With over 20 years of horticultural experience, Matt specializes in organic vegetables and general gardening techniques. He holds a bachelor’s degree in journalism from the University of Georgia.
There are 11 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 92,442 times.
Orchids are beautiful and elegant flowers that come in many colors, shapes and sizes. There are more than 22,000 species of orchids, and care can vary from species to species. However, you can follow some simple guidelines to keep them lush and gorgeous, no matter what species of orchid.
Steps
Create a favorable environment
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Use a pot with a drainage hole. It is essential when growing orchids that the pot must have drainage holes to allow excess water to drain out of the pot. If the water doesn’t drain, the orchid can die from root rot! If your orchid is being grown in a pot without a drainage hole, you need to replant it in a new pot. [1] X Research Source
- Line a dish or tray with water in the bottom of the pot to prevent excess water from spilling onto the floor.
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Find a fast-draining medium specifically for growing orchids. You can choose a substrate made from bark or from moss. Bark substrates have good drainage and are resistant to waterlogging, but can decompose quickly. Moss-based media holds moisture better, but you must be careful when watering, and may require more frequent repotting. [2] X Research Source
- If your orchid is not growing in the right medium, replant the plant to help the orchid grow well.
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Place the potted plant near a south- or east-facing window, if possible. Orchids need bright but indirect light to grow well. If possible, place the orchid pot near a south- or east-facing window to ensure that the plant receives enough sunlight with the appropriate intensity. If you only have a west-facing window, cover the curtains to protect the orchid from sunburn. [3] X Research Sources
- North facing windows may not provide enough light for the plant to bloom.
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Maintain indoor temperature around 16-24 degrees Celsius. Orchids grow well in medium temperatures and will die when too cold. While the right temperature will vary from orchid species, in general you should try to keep your indoor temperature above 16 degrees Celsius. During the day, the temperature should be about 5-8 degrees warmer than nighttime. [4] X Research Sources
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Create conditions for light air circulation. Orchids don’t live in the soil, so you must allow air to circulate to keep the roots healthy. During the months with good weather, you can open the windows to let the breeze in. Otherwise, turn on the ceiling fan at a slow speed or the fan rotates and does not point directly at the tree to prevent the air from stagnation. [5] X Research Sources
Watering, fertilizing and pruning orchids
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Water the orchid just before it dries. It is important that you water your orchid based on the amount of water the plant needs to use instead of after a certain number of days. Every few days, poke a finger or two gently into the growing medium, then pull your hand out and rub your fingers together. If you don’t see moisture between your fingers, you should lightly water the orchid by pouring water into the orchid growing medium and letting it soak. After a few minutes, pour the water in the dish or tray under the potted plant. [6] X Research Source
- Depending on the climate, humidity, and growing medium, you may need to water your orchid a few times a week to once every few weeks.
- Transparent orchid pots can help you determine if it’s time to water your plants – if there’s no more condensation inside the pot, it’s time to water.
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Mist your orchid daily if the humidity in your home is below 40%. Orchids grow best in environments with 40-60% humidity. [7] X Research Source You can buy a hygrometer at a gardening center or supermarket to check the humidity in your home. If the measured humidity is below 40%, use a spray bottle to lightly mist the orchid and growing medium once a day. [8] X Research Sources
- If the indoor humidity is higher than 60%, you should use a dehumidifier in the room where the orchid pot is located to prevent bacteria and mold from growing.
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Fertilize the orchid once a month when it flowers. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer, such as 10-10-10 or 20-20-20. Mix half the concentration and fertilize the plant once a month during flowering. Do not water for a few days after fertilizing, or nutrients can leach out with the water. [9] X Research Source
- After the flower bloom time, the canopy will stop growing. You can water and fertilize less often until the new leaves start to grow back.
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Cut off flowering branches when flowers fade. Orchids do not bloom more than once on the same branch, except Phalaenopsis. If growing phalaenopsis, cut the flower stem just above the bottom 2 eyes of the branch when the flower fades. [10] X Research Sources For orchids with tuberous bulbs, cut the branches just above the bulbs. [11] X Research Source With other orchids, you need to cut the branches as close to the potting medium as possible. [12] X Research Source
- The sheath tuber is the large, thick stem at the base of each bud.
- Always use sterilized tools to prune orchids.
Pest treatment
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Remove scale aphids and mealybugs by hand. Signs of the presence of scale aphids and mealworms are sticky and black moldy leaves that look like soot. You can use your hands to catch all visible insects on the top and bottom of the leaves, as well as on the flower stalks. [13] X Research Source
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Wash infested leaves with soapy water. After catching bugs by hand, mix a little dishwashing liquid in a cup or bowl with room temperature water. Dip a soft rag in the solution, then gently wipe each leaf and flower stalk. The soapy water will clean the sticky plastic and soot and kill any leftover bugs. [14] X Research Source
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Spray insecticide on the orchid if the problem persists. When you have caught insects by hand and washed the leaves but still see signs of infection on the tree, go to the garden center to buy a safe pesticide for orchids. Remember to use according to the instructions on the package. [15] X Research Source
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Removal of diseased tissue. If you notice discolored or mottled leaves (cream, yellow, brown or black), your orchid is probably sick. The first step is to remove as much of the infected tissue as possible. Use pruning shears to cut off infected leaves, branches, and flowers. Remember to disinfect garden tools before and after removing diseased tissue. [16] X Research Source
- In some cases, it may be best to remove the infected plant altogether to prevent the spread of the disease.
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Treat bacterial or fungal infections with antifungal or bactericidal drugs. Common bacterial infections that can affect orchids include brown rot, black rot and brown spot, which is characterized by dark spots on leaves or tubers. Common fungal infections include blight and root rot, which manifests as rotting of roots, tubers and leaves. After removing the infected tissue, spray the orchid with an antifungal or bactericide, depending on the disease. [17] X Research Source
- You can find these products at the gardening center.
Advice
- If the leaves are tough and wrinkled but the roots are stout and green or white, you’re probably watering too little. On the other hand, if the roots are in poor condition or are fading, you are probably watering too much. [18] X Research Sources
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This article was co-written by Matt Bowman. Matt Bowman is a gardener and owner of the Tradition Company in Atlanta, Georgia. Since 2006, Tradition Company provides car wash, lawn care, property maintenance, housework service, firewood and Christmas tree delivery. With over 20 years of horticultural experience, Matt specializes in organic vegetables and general gardening techniques. He holds a bachelor’s degree in journalism from the University of Georgia.
There are 11 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 92,442 times.
Orchids are beautiful and elegant flowers that come in many colors, shapes and sizes. There are more than 22,000 species of orchids, and care can vary from species to species. However, you can follow some simple guidelines to keep them lush and gorgeous, no matter what species of orchid.
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