What is superinfectious bronchiolitis in children? How is the treatment?

When the weather changes, it is the time when children are susceptible to respiratory diseases such as coughs and colds, including infectious bronchiolitis. This disease has manifestations such as coughing, rapid breathing, wheezing, if not treated properly, it can lead to respiratory failure, seriously affecting the health of children.

What is superinfectious bronchiolitis?

Superinfective bronchiolitis is a respiratory tract infection caused by a virus in the presence of a new infection , that is, the child has been previously infected by another virus, bacteria and now infected at the same site again.

The disease is common in children, especially children under 6 months old, caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or during care for diseases related to streptococcal bacteria, pneumococcal bacteria, Moraxelle Catarrhalis, Haemophilus Influenzae, … do not finish, will cause these bacteria to attack the baby’s bronchioles and cause more severe infection.

Superinfectious bronchiolitis

Subjects at high risk of bronchiolitis superinfection

Children are susceptible to this disease, but those at high risk for bronchiolitis superinfection may include:

• Babies born less than 36 weeks prematurely, weighing less than 2.5 kg.
• Children under 3 months old.
• Children with congenital heart disease.
• Children with chronic lung disease.
• Children with immunodeficiency.
• Children are severely malnourished.

Subjects at high risk of bronchiolitis superinfection

Manifestations of superinfected bronchiolitis in children

If the child is unlucky enough to have bronchiolitis superinfection, they will experience symptoms related to respiratory inflammation such as:

• Runny nose, cough, sore throat.
• Mild fever
• Rapid breathing, sometimes shortness of breath, wheezing
• The chest becomes inflated, the lung air decreases.

In some severe cases, the child will have symptoms such as:

• Vomiting non-stop
• Pale skin, rapid breathing
• Drinking water is difficult
• Severe wheezing
• Tired body, chest concave when breathing

Manifestations of superinfected bronchiolitis in children

How to treat infectious bronchiolitis in children?

According to experts, the principle in the treatment of bronchiolitis superinfection is to ensure that the child is provided with enough water, electrolytes, oxygen and nutrients. For mild disease, the disease can be relieved by applying some care methods as follows:

• Give your child more water to drink to soothe coughs and loosen phlegm.
• Give the child a full meal, if the child is anorexic, it can be divided into several small meals.
• Fever for children.
• Use physiological saline to rinse the child’s nose and throat to disinfect.
• Use cough suppressants and expectorants as directed by your doctor.

For cases of moderate disease or severe symptoms, it is best for the child to go to the hospital for timely treatment.

How to treat infectious bronchiolitis in children?

How to prevent superinfection bronchiolitis in children

About how to prevent bronchiolitis in children, you need to pay attention from the time you are pregnant, have regular antenatal checkups, and supplement with adequate nutrition to ensure that your baby is born at full weight and full term. Once the baby is born, preventive measures can be taken such as:

• Breastfeed your baby until the age of 2 to receive more nutrition and antibodies against various diseases.
• Have children fully vaccinated.
• Ensure nutrition for children, proper weaning.
• Keep children warm when the weather changes.
• Maintain a clean living environment, limit exposure to dust and tobacco smoke.
• Limit children’s close contact with respiratory patients.
• Regularly clean the baby’s nose and throat by using 0.9% physiological saline.

How to prevent superinfection bronchiolitis in children

Superinfected bronchiolitis in children is a dangerous respiratory disease, so parents need to take their children to the doctor as soon as there are signs of the disease for timely treatment!

Source: Vinmec.com

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