What is HDMI connector? Things you need to know about HDMI

HDMI connection port is a multimedia interface, used to transmit audio and images to other devices such as televisions, laptops… with high resolution. Let’s learn about the HDMI connection port and what you need to know about HDMI to make the most of it!

What is HDMI?

HDMI stands for High-Definition Multimedia Interface which means high definition multimedia interface.

With just one cable, you can transmit images, audio and video to large display screens such as TVs, laptops, etc. At the same time, HDMI ensures good transmission resolution from device to device. be different.

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Structure and working principle of HDMI cable

Structure of HDMI cable

The HDMI cable head is composed of 19 pins , each of which performs a different task and during data transmission, it will have to comply with certain principles. Including the main sizes:

• HDMI standard (standard): Standard A. (this standard is very common and most commonly used).
• Mini HDMI: Standard C.
• Micro HDMI: Standard D.
• Automated Applications: Standard E.

HDMI cables are usually supported with standard studio sound quality , so users are completely assured when using it to switch to another device.

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Working principle of HDMI cable

• Pins 1 – 9 : All 9 pins are divided by 3 channels of TMDS data for video and audio information. The main function is to transfer data with minimal error. Each TMDS channel has 3 separate wires with -/+ values ​​and a grounded or shielded ground.
• Pins 10 – 12 : The main function transmits data to the TMDS clock channel to help synchronize the signal.
• Pin 13 : CES power consumption control channel, task of sending commands and controlling data connected to other devices.
• Pin 14 : The foot is used to store situations that need to be used in the future.
• Pins 15 and 16 : This is a dedicated DDC pin, capable of displaying data, two pins are used for EDIC communication information and are an intermediary for the device.
• Pin 17 : CEC channel and DDC function as a barrier.
• Pin 18 : Contains +5V power supply.
• Pin 19 : The hot foot has a protective duty to help monitor the rise and fall of the current and the plug and unplug operation.

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HDMI cable classification

According to the connection speed

Based on the connection speed of the HDMI cable, it is classified into 5 main categories as follows:

HDMI Cable	Support resolution
Standard HDMI	1080i/60Hz
High Speed ​​HDMI	1080p Deep Color feature , 3D format (standard 1.4).
Standard HDMI with Ethernet	Similar to standard HDMI but with an additional Ethernet line.
High Speed ​​HDMI with Ethernet	Similar to high-speed HDMI but with an additional Ethernet line.
HDMI Automotive	Connect the HDMI transmitter to the HDMI device in the car.
HDMI 1.4	Built-in Ethernet Wire Enables two-way audio transmission.
HDMI 2.0	Strong connection and transmission speed, commonly used in modern televisions.
HDMI 2.1	Is a modern connection standard, about 3 times higher than HDMI 2.0 standard. Deliver top-notch audio and picture quality up to 10K, 8K/60fps or 4K/120fps .

According to the device compatibility

HDMI classifies based on compatibility with devices into 4 main categories as shown in the table below:

HDMI Cable	Compatible with devices
Standard HDMI	Suitable for all devices such as TV, laptop, computer, …
Mini HDMI	Video card, camera,…
Micro HDMI	Smartphones, tablets,…
HDMI MHL	Projecting images from a mobile device (phone, tablet) that supports MHL onto a large screen, most commonly a television.
HDMI ARC	Users can reverse output audio and images from the TV to the speaker. Used in TVs with speakers, amps, sound systems.
HDMI Cable STB	Used on TVs that support connecting TVs with signal receivers, for good picture and sound signal quality.

Pros and cons of HDMI

In order to help customers have a detailed assessment and choose the appropriate HDMI cable, please refer to the list of advantages and disadvantages of HDMI as follows:

Advantage

• Transfer images in full HD resolution at 60 frames per second .
• Just one cable connection, you can transfer data, images, audio and video.
• Emits studio-grade sound quality, giving you a great experience when watching movies or listening to music.
• The cable size is compact, does not take up space, reduces the size and is highly aesthetic.
• Easy and simple connection between HDMI cable and other devices, serving well for entertainment, study and work needs.

Defect

• The price is higher than the VGA connection wire.
• Using for a long time, the socket is easy to loosen, making the transmission line unstable because the cable does not have a plug.
• Not yet popular in some offices and schools (mainly using VGA), so a conversion cable from HDMI to VGA is needed.

Devices that use HDMI cables

Here are some devices that use HDMI cable with other smart devices as follows:

• Standard HDMI cable: The cable is commonly used in devices such as televisions, laptops, tablets…
• Mini HDMI cable: Used for video cards, cameras,…
• Micro HDMI cable: Used for mobile phones, tablets, … to connect to TV.
• HDMI MHL cable: Connect images from mobile phones that support MHL, project them to a projector screen or TV.
• HDMI ARC cable: Used in TVs with speakers, amps and sound systems.
• HDMI STB cable: Mainly used in TVs to help connect TVs with receivers.

Standard HDMI cable is commonly used in devices such as laptops, televisions, …

Compare HDMI port with VGA port

Criteria	HDMI	VGA
Structure	19 small feet.	15 pins arranged in 3 rows, each row 5 pins.
Resolution	High: Up to 4K, 8K .	Lower than HDMI port. The highest up to Full-HD 1920 x 1080 pixels .
Display image quality	Standard sharp, clear.	Not as sharp as HDMI.
Transmission data	Images and sounds.	Image.
Compatibility with other devices	Compatible with many types of electronic devices currently on the market.	Not compatible with small electronic devices such as phones, tablets, etc.
Price	The price is higher than the VGA port connection wire, from 80,000 VND – 200,000 VND (price information updated on May 7, 2023, may change from time to time.)	Cheap price, from 40,000 VND – 90,000 VND (price information updated on May 7, 2023, may change from time to time.)

It can be said that HDMI really brings many interesting things, right? Do you have any questions about HDMI? If so, please share it with Tnhelearning.edu.vn in the comment section below!