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Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a highly porous form of carbon that is created through a special activation process. This process involves heating carbon-rich materials, like coal, wood, or coconut shells, at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen. The resulting activated carbon has an expanded surface area, with millions of tiny pores that help to trap and absorb various impurities and contaminants. Owing to its remarkable adsorption capabilities, activated carbon finds a multitude of great uses across various industries and in our everyday lives. From purifying air and water, to detoxifying the body and enhancing chemical processes, the applications of activated charcoal are vast and fascinating. In this article, we will delve into the characteristics, production, and explore the diverse uses of activated carbon, uncovering its incredible potential and versatility.
Activated carbon is an indispensable ingredient in today’s cleaning equipment such as hoods, water purifiers, air purifiers,… Please refer to the following article to understand what activated carbon is and What is its use?
What is activated carbon?
Activated carbon (also known as activated carbon, English name is Activated Carbon ) is a form of carbon with high porosity, lots of cracks, small pores to molecular size. Such a special structure makes the surface area of activated carbon very large, from which it is easy to absorb and react with many different substances.
Activated carbon is created from burning carbon-rich fuels such as wood, coal, coconut shells, bamboo at high temperatures from 600 to 900 degrees Celsius in anaerobic conditions.
Types of activated carbon
Activated carbon has 5 common physical forms as follows:
Activated carbon powder
Activated carbon is ground into fine powder with size from 0.2mm to 0.5mm. Powdered activated carbon is cheap because it is easy to produce, the contact surface is very large, so it is used in applications that need to be prepared such as in cosmetics, toothpaste, … and chemical processing.
Due to its easy leaching and unstable nature, powdered activated carbon is mainly used as an adjuvant in industrial alum water treatment systems or used in RO membranes.
Granular activated carbon
In this form, the activated carbon particles are randomly shaped with sizes from 0.2 to 5mm. Granular activated carbon is harder and more durable than powder, its large size is difficult to wash away, so it is often used for the treatment of industrial wastewater and domestic water.
Activated Charcoal Tablets
Activated carbon in this form is compressed and formed into a cylinder with a diameter of 0.8 to 5mm. Activated carbon in tablet form with a cylindrical structure should be stronger and more durable than other forms of coal, has a moderate size and has a large contact surface area, so it is used to filter toxic gases very well.
Tubular activated carbon
Tubular activated carbon can be formed into large tubes with diameters from 1cm to 5cm for industrial use and large filtration systems.
Activated carbon sheet
Activated carbon sheet is a combination of a frame and a sponge impregnated with charcoal powder for use in air purification.
Mechanism of action of activated carbon
Activated carbon thanks to the cracks and small holes will easily physically absorb impurities, dirt and pollutants such as Chlorine, Benzene in water and SO2, CO2, H2S in the air , making these substances adhesion on the surface of carbon. The larger the activated carbon surface area, the stronger the attraction.
What does activated charcoal do?
With its absorbent properties, activated carbon is applied in many different fields such as:
Water treatment application
Activated carbon will remove organic substances, chemicals, impurities dissolved in water, is applied in both wastewater treatment, domestic water and pure drinking water.
Application in exhaust gas treatment, deodorization
Activated carbon is widely used for deodorizing in kitchen deodorizers, deodorizing in wastewater treatment and pure drinking water, deodorizing and bactericidal in air conditioners, and industrial waste gas treatment.
Medical applications
Activated charcoal effectively treats symptoms such as flatulence, diarrhea, stomach and intestinal pain, detoxification… by absorbing harmful substances to the body and excreting them through the digestive tract.
Industrial applications
In industry, activated carbon is used to treat end metals, typically in the purification of electroplating solutions. Activated carbon also has applications in the mining industry to extract and filter gold, silver, and other precious metals.
Some other apps
Activated charcoal is added in cosmetics, facial cleansers, bath oils, and facial masks to disinfect, absorb dirt, and toxins from pores. Toothpaste is also added to activated charcoal to absorb plaque and bacteria. Medical masks and respirators also have activated carbon in them.
Above is an article to share with you about activated charcoal and its uses . Hope the above information is useful to you, and please leave a comment if you have any questions.
In conclusion, activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a highly effective adsorbent that has numerous uses across various industries. Due to its porous structure, activated carbon can remove contaminants, odors, and impurities from air, water, and other liquids. It is commonly used in filtration systems, wastewater treatment, gas purification, and even personal care products. Additionally, activated carbon serves as a valuable tool in medical emergencies, as it can help alleviate poisoning or drug overdose. Its versatile nature and ability to adsorb a wide range of substances make activated carbon a significant asset in several applications. As a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution, activated carbon continues to play a crucial role in improving the quality of our lives and protecting our health and the environment.
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