What is a top loading washing machine? Structure and working principle of top loading washing machine

Top loading washing machines are the choice of many families, because of their simple design, low price and simple usage. In order to help customers learn about the principle of operation, advantages – disadvantages and structure of top-loading washing machines, Tnhelearning.edu.vn invites you to see the following article immediately!

A top-loading washing machine is a washing machine with a top loading door design . The machine works on the principle that there is a rotating disc (washing tray) at the bottom of the washing tub to help stir clothes continuously in water and chemicals, friction against the drum to splash dirt to help clean clothes.

Typically, top-loading washing machines have the following recognizable characteristics:

• The design is simple and the washing machine door is at the top.
• Low price.
• Easy to use.
• Can be placed in tight spaces.
• Ability to add or remove clothes during the wash cycle.

Structure of the top loading washing machine

Although today’s top-loading washing machine models are equipped with many modern technologies, in general most top-loading washing machines are equipped with some basic parts as follows:

• Water supply valve : The valve works by the solenoid core, is automatically controlled and always changes the opening and closing position when current passes through the solenoid core. The valve is responsible for supplying water to the washing machine at different stages to dissolve detergent, or supply water to the washing tub.
• Washing machine cage : Includes outer and inner drum. The inner heart is usually made of stainless steel, steel, … to store clothes, linked with a rotating shaft to rotate. The outer plastic liner, which holds water during the washing process, wraps the parts in the washing lap, linked with spring bars to reduce vibrations.
• Washing tray : Has the effect of reversing clothes during the washing process.
• Motor : Mounted on the body of the outer drum, helping the machine move.
• Motor controller : An electronic circuit that controls the motor.
• Pressure float, water level indicator : Notify the amount of water in the washing bucket to the control unit, thereby helping the controller to select the mode and supply water for the working load.
• Washing machine cover : Protects clothes, washing water from being splashed out during washing.
• Washer lid switch : Protects the lid of the washing machine to be closed, protecting the user during the washing machine operation.
• Belt : Moves the rotary engine from the motor shaft to the crankshaft.
• Drain pump filter net : Filter the residue present in the rinse water after washing clothes, preventing the washing machine drain pump from getting stuck or shutting off the pipeline.
• Washing machine drain pump : Pumps the waste water out before clean water is brought in for the next wash cycle.
• Control panel : An electronic circuit that is pre-set by the manufacturer, helping you to adjust the washing cycles.

Working principle of top loading washing machine

The principle of operation of the top-loading washing machine is to rotate the clothes continuously in a mixture of water and detergent. When you supply power to the washing machine, the machine starts to reverse in two directions to weigh the clothes. Next, the motherboard powers the water supply valve so that water flows through the valve and into the drum.

If the valve has supplied a sufficient amount of water, the pressure float will notify the board to stop the water supply. Then power the motor to rotate and proceed to wash the clothes. When the washing is finished, the washing machine will automatically drain the clothes cleaning water and discharge the waste water.

When the water in the machine has poured out, the water level indicator will notify the board so that the board that powers the washing machine motor continues to rotate at a fast speed.

When the spin is finished once, the machine returns to the water supply and washing mode. Finally, spin it one more time to end the wash cycle.

Advantages and disadvantages of top load washing machines

Advantage

• Cheap price: With less than 5 million VND, you can own a top-loading washing machine. Meanwhile, if you want to own a front-loading washing machine, you must have at least VND 8 million on hand.
• Simple design, easy to replace components: Top loading washing machine has a simple design, easy to use. In addition, when the machine is broken, it is easy to repair as well as the replacement parts are relatively low cost.
• Suitable for small spaces: Usually, washing machines only need an area of about 80×80 cm to be placed, which is very suitable for houses with limited area.
• Add and remove items as you like when operating: One of the advantages of a top-loading washing machine is that it can be added while washing without fear of canceling the entire washing cycle.

Defect

• The drying time is quite long: Because the number of revolutions per minute of the top-loading washing machine is usually about 700 rpm, the drying time is longer and the drying efficiency is not as impressive as that of the front-loading washing machine (with a number of revolutions per minute greater than 1000 rpm).
• Loud noise and vibration: When drying clothes, usually the top-loading washing machine operates quite noisy due to a lot of vibration. Therefore, users need to pay attention to placing the machine on a flat surface and when putting clothes in, pay attention to evenly in the drum to avoid losing balance when operating.
• The machine consumes a lot of water: When the top-loading washing machine works, it requires a fairly large amount of water to cover all the clothes in the drum, thus consuming a lot of water.
• Clothes easily twisted: During washing, clothes are easily twisted together, leading to a condition where the clothes may become frayed, stretched and not as durable as desired.

Note when using top load washing machine

In the process of using a top-loading washing machine, you need to pay attention to the following issues in order for the machine to work efficiently, reliably and safely:

• Check clothes before putting them in the washing machine : You need to check whether there are foreign objects in the bag of clothes, to avoid the object causing damage to the machine and clothes.
• Sort laundry into groups : Wash clothes with thin and less soiled fabrics separately from workwear, helping to ensure the hygiene and cleanliness of each type.
• Arrange clothes evenly around the spin axis : Remove small and thin clothes first, then larger sizes.
• For the right amount of laundry : Only put in the machine 3-4 large items, depending on the amount of laundry you quantify accordingly. If the washing machine size is 10kg, you should only put about 6kg of dry goods.
• Choose a liquid detergent : It is best to choose a detergent labeled “low foam”, which helps the machine work better and wash more cleanly.
• For washing powder just enough for clothes : Do not use too much or too little detergent. Adding too much will make the rinse and spin cycle ineffective. If you add too little detergent, the clothes cannot be washed.
• Do not use bleach on clothes such as silk, wool, …

Note when cleaning the top load washing machine

In addition to noting some problems when using a washing machine, users also need to pay attention to some notes when cleaning the washing machine, to help the machine increase its life, durable operation and always shiny and new.

• Clean the surface with mild dish soap and warm water, then dry with a soft cloth.
• For stains inside the tub, use mild detergents suitable for the type of material inside the tub.
• Absolutely do not use strong detergents such as spray bleach, spray, glass cleaner, toilet cleaners, … to clean the drum.
• Clean the detergent drawer regularly after each wash. Check the drawer for excess detergent or softener.

Hope the above article will help you understand more about what is a top load washing machine? Structure and working principle of top loading washing machine. Any questions please leave a comment below!