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Idi Amin, a name synonymous with ruthlessness, brutality, and dictatorial rule, was one of Africa’s most notorious leaders of the 20th century. Born in 1925 in Uganda, Amin rose from humble beginnings to become the country’s military chief, eventually seizing power in a coup d’état in 1971. During his eight-year reign, Amin transformed Uganda into a totalitarian state, marked by violence, human rights abuses, and economic devastation. This introduction aims to delve into the life, rise to power, and the reign of terror orchestrated by Idi Amin, shedding light on the complexity of his character and the impact he had on Uganda and the international community.

(1925-2003)

Table of Contents

Who Was Idi Amin?

Idi Amin was a Ugandan president born circa 1925 in Kokobo, West Nile Province, Uganda. He rose within the military from the 1940s through 1970. Amin overthrew the current leader in 1971 and declared himself president, and he remained in power from 1971-1979. During his tenure, he lived a lavish lifestyle while contributing to the collapse of Uganda’s economy. He sought to stay in power at all costs, resulting in extensive human rights violations via mass killings. Overthrown in 1979, he fled first to Libya and then to Saudi Arabia, where he died on August 16, 2003.

Early Years

Amin was a member of the small Kakwa ethnic group of northwestern Uganda. His birthdate is unconfirmed but estimated to have been in 1925. His mother, an herbalist and diviner, raised him after his father deserted the family. Amin had little formal education before joining the King’s African Rifles of the British colonial army in 1946 as an assistant cook.

Military Service

Extremely charismatic and skilled, Amin quickly rose through the ranks. His stature was rather notable. He stood 6 feet, 4 inches tall and was a Ugandan light-heavyweight boxing champion from 1951 to 1960, as well as a swimmer. He soon became notorious among fellow soldiers for his overzealous and cruel military interrogations. Eventually, he made the highest rank possible for a Black African serving in the British army. From 1952 until 1956, he served in the British action against the Mau Mau revolt in Kenya.

Before Uganda’s independence in 1962, Amin became closely associated with the new nation’s prime minister and president, Milton Obote. The two men worked to smuggle gold, coffee and ivory out of Congo, but conflicts soon arose between them, and on January 25, 1971, while Obote was attending a meeting in Singapore, Amin staged a successful military coup. Amin became president and chief of the armed forces in 1971, field marshal in 1975 and life president in 1976.

Rise to Power

Amin began his rule with popular actions, including freeing several political prisoners. Simultaneously, however, he sent out “killer squads” to hunt down and murder Obote’s supporters, predominantly those from the Acholi and Lango ethnic groups, military personnel and civilians. His victims soon came to include people from every order and rank, including journalists, lawyers, homosexuals, students and senior bureaucrats. He expelled all Asians from Uganda in 1972, an action that led to the breakdown of his country’s economy.

Amin became known as the “Butcher of Uganda” for his brutality. It is believed that some 300,000 people were killed during his presidency. In July 1976 he was personally involved in the hijacking of a French airliner to Entebbe. In October 1978 Amin ordered an attack on Tanzania. Aided by Ugandan nationalists, Tanzanian troops eventually overpowered the Ugandan army. As the Tanzanian-led forces neared Kampala, Uganda’s capital, on April 13, 1979, Amin fled the city. Escaping first to Libya, he finally settled in Saudi Arabia.

Death

On August 16, 2003, Amin died in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The cause of death was reported to be multiple organ failure. Although the Ugandan government announced that his body could be buried in Uganda, he was quickly buried in Saudi Arabia. He was never tried for gross abuse of human rights.

‘The Last King of Scotland’

The 2006 movie The Last King of Scotland, starring James McAvoy and Forest Whitaker, tells the fictional story about a young physician who travels to Uganda and becomes the personal physician to Amin. Whitaker won the ƒch2007 best Actor Academy Award for his portrayal of Amin.

QUICK FACTS

Name: Idi Amin Dada
Birth Year: 1925
Birth City: Koboko
Birth Country: Uganda
Gender: Male
Best Known For: Idi Amin was a Ugandan president best known for his brutal regime and crimes against humanity while in power from 1971-1979.
Industries

Crime and Terrorism
War and Militaries
World Politics

Nacionalities

Ugandan (Uganda)

Death Year: 2003
Death date: August 16, 2003
Death City: Jeddah
Death Country: Saudi Arabia

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CITATION INFORMATION

Article Title: Idi Amin Biography
Author: Biography.com Editors
Website Name: The Biography.com website
Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/idi-amin
Access Date:
Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
Last Updated: September 15, 2020
Original Published Date: April 2, 2014

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In conclusion, Idi Amin’s rule as the President of Uganda was marked by violence, corruption, and a disregard for human rights. He came to power in a coup and, during his time in office, his regime was responsible for the deaths of thousands of innocent people. Amin’s brutal and unpredictable behavior led to a climate of fear and instability within the country. Furthermore, his economic policies and widespread corruption severely damaged Uganda’s economy, transforming it from a once-promising nation to a struggling state. While there were some who supported Amin initially, the vast majority of Ugandans lived in constant fear for their lives and were subject to arbitrary arrests, torture, and killings. Amin’s expulsion of the Indian and Asian population also resulted in a significant economic decline and undermined the country’s social fabric. Ultimately, Idi Amin’s tenure as President will forever be remembered as a dark period in Uganda’s history, and his legacy serves as a tragic reminder of the potential dangers and consequences of unchecked power.