How to Treat Hematoma at Home

A hematoma is a collection of blood under the skin that can appear as a bruise. This condition is usually caused by an injury to the body that causes blood vessels to burst and bleed. Large hematomas can be dangerous because the pressure of the blood clots on the blood vessels and impedes blood flow. While it’s still best to see a doctor, you can still try to heal the hematoma at home. Let’s start with step 1 below.

Table of Contents

Treatment of hematoma

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Rest and immobilize the injured site. Muscle activity and movement can irritate, increase pressure on soft tissues, and provoke an inflammatory response. You should remain relatively rested for the first 48 hours if possible.

Keeping the body immobile in its normal position (lying on your back, palms and feet up) is helpful in the healing process and can prevent further injury, which is especially true for Injuries to the limbs and joints.

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Apply cold immediately after the injury. This should be done within 24-48 hours of the injury. Apply an ice pack to the injured area after you notice the hematoma starting to appear. The low temperature slows blood flow and reduces bleeding. Remember not to leave the ice pack on the skin for more than 15-20 minutes to avoid tissue damage.

Use melted ice to wet a towel (18-27°C) and apply it to the wound every 10 minutes. Repeat as needed (4-8 times daily) to reduce local skin temperature by 10-15°C.
Cold temperatures cause vasoconstriction (constriction of blood vessels), and also reduce swelling after injury and hematoma under the skin. In the early stages of trauma, vasoconstriction is helpful in limiting bleeding and reducing the area that needs to be coagulated.
Ice therapy also slows down the metabolism of tissues in the area of the injury, thereby reducing the likelihood of “hypoxia” (a lack of oxygen in the blood) – a type of cell damage caused by transporting oxygen decreases.

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Warm compresses during the recovery period (after 24-48 hours). The application temperature should be in the range of 37-40°C. Contrary to cold compress, warm compress method is more useful during the recovery period because warm temperature dilates blood vessels, improves blood circulation and transports nutrients needed for the healing process.

Increased blood circulation also helps to clear inflammatory secretions and waste products from the wound. Moreover, the feeling of warmth acts as a stimulant and relieves pain from the injury.
Note: warm compresses should not be used in the early post-injury period – vasodilation will be harmful during this time. The same thing happens if you massage the injury site and drink alcohol (both dilate blood vessels and increase blood circulation).

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Choose activities that dilate the vessels after the initial injury. Again, this period is 24-48 hours after the injury. You can apply the following methods to treat a hematoma:

Massage. Massage with circular movements or long strokes to improve blood circulation and increase blood flow to the heart. This method can also directly dissolve blood clots near the surface of the skin, making it easier for the body to dissolve the hematoma. Stop if it hurts.
Take a bath in a warm bath. Similar to a warm compress, a relaxing soak in a warm bath will also stimulate vasodilation, which will not only reduce pain but also remove blood clots from the area of injury – all thanks to increased blood circulation.
Isometric exercises . Basically, these exercises focus on squeezing both types of muscles (flexors and extensors) in one area without exerting force. These types of muscle contractions help increase blood circulation by rhythmically constricting blood vessels, thereby increasing blood circulation.

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Elevate the wound site. This is especially helpful for the limbs. Elevating the area where the hematoma is located will help reduce blood flow to that area and prevent an increase in the size of the hematoma. Use a pillow or blanket to elevate the injured area.

Try to keep the injured area above heart level. This helps reduce capillary blood pressure at the site of injury, prevents swelling, aids lymphatic drainage, dissolves secretions, and relieves pressure on tissues. This provides local pain relief and ultimately speeds up the healing process.

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Take pain relievers. If you don’t have other medical conditions or don’t take anticoagulants, you can take almost any pain reliever. Ibuprofen is often the choice of many people, but you may need to talk to your doctor to find out which is best for you.

You can take it orally in doses of 200 to 400 mg. ^{[1] X Source of Study} Ibuprofen can be taken every 4-6 hours as needed.

Treatment of hematoma with diet

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Eat more protein. Protein is beneficial for tissue healing. Foods with a high protein content are often derived from animals rather than from plants. Here are some examples of proteins ranked from highest to lowest in biological value (easier to be absorbed by the body):

Whey protein isolate – highest pH (alkalinity), undenatured
Tuna Shasimi
Wild Salmon
Flounder
Poached eggs
Turkey breast
Deer meat
Cheese made from skimmed milk
Pilchard
Chicken breast
Lamb thighs
Soy Protein
Sparerib
Fried egg
Ground beef
Hot dog

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Get enough vitamin B12. A deficiency of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) can also cause easy bruising, pernicious anemia, and adverse effects on blood clotting. This is especially true for vegans – plant-based foods do not contain vitamin B12, unless fortified. If you’re a vegetarian, perhaps taking a supplement is a good idea.

Vitamin B12 occurs naturally in many foods of animal origin, including organs (beef liver), shellfish, meat, poultry, eggs, milk and dairy products, and some cereals. light and nutritional yeast.

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Get enough vitamin K. Vitamin K deficiency (K1 – phylloquinone and K2 menaquinone) can be caused by fat malabsorption and/or by antibiotic use. Impaired blood clotting and hemorrhagic diseases are often associated with vitamin K deficiency.

Dietary sources of vitamin K include: green tea, leafy greens (e.g., collard greens, kale, parsley, spinach), broccoli and cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, liver , soybean oil and wheat bran.
Fermented milk, including yogurt, cheese and fermented soybeans, including miso and natto, is a good source of menaquinone.
The recommended daily dose of vitamin K for adults is 120 mcg for men and 90 mcg for women. ^{[2] X Research Source Rosenbloom, M. (2013). Vitamin Toxicity, Medscape}

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You also need vitamin C. A daily intake of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) (500 mg) can help form new connective tissue and maintain and repair tissues, especially helpful for blood vessel walls.

Good sources of vitamin C are papaya, bell peppers, broccoli, strawberries, pineapple, cauliflower, oranges. ^{[3] X Research Sources}
Usually, consuming a wide variety of foods is enough to meet macro and micronutrient needs – dietary supplements are prescribed only in special circumstances such as malnutrition and pregnant women.

Understand your situation

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Know the form of your hematoma. The term hematoma refers to a limited collection of blood located outside the blood vessels. The hematoma is usually liquid inside the tissue. If the size exceeds 10 mm in diameter, the condition is called ecchymosis. ^{[5] X Research source} There are the following types of hematoma:

Subdermal hematoma, which occurs just below the skin.
Hematoma under the scalp (cephalohematoma), a type of hematoma that occurs between the skull bones and the periosteum (the membrane that covers the outside of the bones).
An epidural hematoma is a hematoma that occurs between the dura (one of the membranes that coat the brain and spinal cord).
Subdural hematomas occur between the arachnoid membrane (the second membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord) and the dura.
A subarachnoid hematoma (subarachnoid hematoma) occurs between the pleura (the innermost membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord) and the arachnoid.
Perianal hematoma is a type of hematoma that occurs around and inside the anus.
A subungual hematoma is a common form of hematoma that occurs under the nail.

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Know about possible symptoms. Hematoma symptoms depend on the size and location of the hematoma. The following symptoms are commonly associated with moderate hematomas: ^{[6] X Research Source}

Painful. Pain is one of the most common symptoms. The pain is caused by inflammation of the tissue at the site of the hematoma.
Swelling. A hematoma in the tissue will inflame the tissue and eventually swell.
Red. The redness at the site of the hematoma is caused by blood pooling below the surface of the skin (subdermal hematoma) and by inflammation.
Headache and confusion . In the case of a subdural hematoma, the blood puts pressure on and causes the surrounding tissues to become inflamed, which in turn causes a headache. Confusion also occurs because the hematoma begins to press on nerves in the head.
The state of wakefulness after unconsciousness. A state of wakefulness occurs shortly after the blood begins to accumulate. As blood continues to circulate, you may lose consciousness.
Weakness in the extremities . This is a symptom that appears in cases of severe cranial hematoma. The hematoma will compress the paths of the oblique pyramidal bundle (the transmission of the nervous system) causing weakness in the extremities.

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Know about risk factors. Trauma is one of the major causes of some forms of hematoma. When playing contact sports like martial arts, boxing or rugby, you run the risk of injury to many different parts of your body. However, there are other reasons as well:

Blood clotting disease. When you have medical conditions like diabetes or a blood clotting disorder, you are at risk of developing multiple hematomas because the blood doesn’t clot, or in some cases doesn’t clot.
Working environment . When you work in places where there is a high risk of injury, such as a construction site, you are more likely to get this disease. The most common forms of occupationally related hematomas are subungual and subungual hematomas.
Age. The elderly and young children are more at risk of developing hematomas (especially subdural hematomas) due to weak vascular structures.
Alcohol abuse. Drinking alcohol for a long time makes you more likely to develop a hematoma. Alcohol causes vasodilation which makes blood vessels more susceptible to damage.
Birth is not normal. During the mother’s cesarean delivery with the help of a suction machine, the newborn baby is at risk of having a hematoma under the scalp. The second stage of prolonged labor can also lead to this form of hematoma.

Advice

This article is intended only for cases of non-serious hematomas due to minor trauma to the software and is not a substitute for specialist care.

Steps

Treatment of hematoma

Treatment of hematoma with diet

Understand your situation

Advice

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