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This article was co-written by Doug Ludemann. Doug Ludemann is the owner and operator of Fish Geek, LLC, a professional aquarium services company based in Minneappis. He has worked in the fisheries and fish care industry for over 20 years and received a Bachelor’s degree in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior from the University of Minnesota. Doug has previously worked with the Minnesota Zoo and the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago as a professional aquarist.
This article has been viewed 73,356 times.
Goldfish are a fun, low-maintenance pet that is a top choice for beginners. However, the outdated “goldfish pot” image will kill your beloved fish, so raising goldfish also requires the same investment of effort and equipment as raising other ornamental fish. Whether you’re just having an idea, want to add to your knowledge, or even keep a goldfish as a pet, this article will help you know the right care for a happy and healthy fish. strong for years – sometimes decades!
Steps
Tank requirements and care
- For decades, goldfish have been touted as being able to live in small glass pots and that is why it is believed that they have a short life span. In fact, the lifespan of a goldfish is comparable to that of a dog! In tight farming conditions with no water filtration solutions, ammonia builds up very quickly and the environment becomes toxic to fish.
- Goldfish will grow to fit the available space. The 3cm goldfish has the ability to grow as large as a human arm, but you can only do that if you keep the fish in a large pond or professional aquarium. Therefore, it is not necessary to raise the fish to its maximum size
- Fish are sensitive creatures, they are susceptible to stress when the habitat changes. Extreme transient changes can kill fish, even in an ideal environment. You also should not move fish continuously from one container to another.
- Goldfish cannot live in too small a temporary environment for a long time. If temporarily keeping the fish in a plastic bag or bowl, an hour is a good time, but if it lasts for a few hours, it will have a negative effect on the fish; If you keep the fish in a small container, one day is maximum.
- In an emergency, you can store the fish in a large, clean plastic bucket, remembering to use treated tap water.
- Wash the pebbles before putting them in the tank. You need to wash it thoroughly before putting gravel in the lake, otherwise the lake water will be cloudy and dirty. Even new gravel needs to be scrubbed clean and soaked in water for a day to wash away some impurities, ensuring the best habitat for healthy goldfish. Remember to wash only with water, not soap.
- Consider placing a rock or wooden ornament along with some artificial plants in the tank. Rocks or wood will give the goldfish plenty of quiet corners and nooks to explore, while artificial plants won’t encourage algae growth in the tank. Remember that goldfish grow best in a relatively open environment. They are chubby fish and are quite bad swimmers, so having fewer miniatures means the fish can swim more comfortably. You might consider placing a medium to large display item in the center of the tank and some plastic plants around the pool to give the fish proper living space.
- Aquatic plants are beneficial because they help absorb the ammonia, nitrites and nitrates that accumulate in the aquarium due to waste and natural corrosion. However, goldfish are omnivores and a voracious eater. You should stick with the fake bonsai until you have enough time and ability to protect the real tree from the greedy goldfish.
- Make sure all decorations you choose are hollow (because harmful bacteria can grow in them) and have no sharp edges (which can tear the fish’s fins).
- Use fluorescent lights for aquariums. If you don’t have fluorescent lights, you can use halogen or incandescent lights. Lighting time for goldfish should be 12 am and 12 pm.
- Hanging filter (waterfall filter): hanging on the wall of the tank, used to absorb water in and filter water out. This type is very popular, affordable, and probably the most cost-effective.
- External filtration: a filter tank located below the aquarium, using a series of pipes to bring water in and out. Barrel filters are more expensive but are much quieter and more efficient than hanging filters. The tank filter is designed for tanks with a capacity of 189 liters, so there are no types available that are suitable for smaller aquariums.
- Wet/dry filter: use an overflow box to filter the dirt. However, the dry/wet filter is much bulkier than a cascade or barrel filter, so it is only suitable for aquariums larger than 189 liters.
- Untreated tap water and bottled drinking water contain chemicals and minerals that are harmful to fish.
- Before releasing the fish into the tank, you need to check it again. You should purchase a pH meter kit to test the ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels in your water. The ideal result is zero ammonia, zero nitrite, and less than 20 nitrate. Paper test kits are often more expensive and difficult to use properly, so it’s a good idea to purchase a kit. Simple testing tools like API Master Test Kit.
- What happens when you start continuously adding artificial ammonia to the tank? The nitrogen cycle will take place. If this process continues, inorganic substances will be consumed by algae or aquatic plants. Once the cycle is complete, you can safely release the fish!
Maintenance and feeding
- Goldfish are quite “community” species. However, you also need to consider carefully when choosing a tank mate for them. White cloudfish, zebrafish and glass cleaner fish are good ideas. However : most of these fish live in schools, so you need to buy more than half a dozen. Bottom line: goldfish should be kept with aquarium fish that are similar to them.
- You will need to keep new fish in isolation for two weeks to monitor their health before releasing them into a stable aquarium.
- Note: goldfish prefer cold water more than other community fish, so choose tank mates with strong vitality. You can also add goldfish to the same tank as over-breeding fish so that the goldfish eat less of the unwanted fry and you’ll have better control over the fish population.
- Avoid catching fish out of the tank when cleaning. Use a gravel cleaner to suck up the residue without affecting the fish’s living habits. If for some reason you need to catch fish, you should use a plastic box instead of a fishing net. The net is easy to damage the fish’s fins, so they are very afraid of the racket and this makes the fish stressed. [4] X Research Sources
- Change ¼ of the tank water every week to maintain an adequate water reserve in the tank. Change half of the water every time the nitrate ratio reaches 20. Water changes can get a bit messy, so you’ll need to prepare some rags around the tank. Be careful not to suck in any small fish.
- Just like us, goldfish need a variety of nutrients. Feeding goldfish pellets is the mainstay, occasionally varying it with fresh foods like saltwater shrimp and freeze-dried foods like larvae or worms. For dry food, you must soak it in a cup containing lake water before feeding it so that the food does not expand in the fish’s stomach, making it difficult for the fish to swim.
- Feed the fish what they can within a minute. Then remove the leftovers from the tank. Goldfish are voracious eaters and are more likely to die from overeating than any other fish.
- Feed the fish at the same place in the tank, at the same time every day (once in the morning and once in the evening)
- Goldfish like to “sleep” in the dark. The arrangement of lights for the aquarium is only necessary if you are growing plants or in a dimly lit room. However, even if you do not use aquarium lights, it is still a good idea to practice the energy-saving habit of turning off unnecessary lights.
- Get a good thermometer to keep track of things easier. There are two types of thermometers for you to choose from: indoor and outdoor. The accuracy of both is the same and adequate, so choose the one you like.
- If you don’t want to breed goldfish, the ideal year-round tank temperature is 23°C. If you want to breed them, simulate seasonal aquarium temperatures (goldfish spawn in the spring). Start by lowering the temperature to about 10-12°C to simulate winter. Then, when it comes to breeding season, gradually increase the temperature up to about 20-23°C. This will stimulate the goldfish to lay eggs.
Handling potential problems
- If you’ve read most of these sites, you already know the common problems – so be proactive about avoiding them! As long as you maintain the right pH, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and oxygen levels, while not overfeeding the fish and keeping the tank clean, you’ve solved 95. % of possible problems with pets.
- Each watercolor represents a different problem. The cause may be due to algae, bacteria or the decaying process of aquatic plants. Do not worry! The water only needs to be filtered through a few cycles and your fish will be fine.
- It is important that you isolate the fish from the community because the parasite can spread to other plants and animals living in the tank.
- If you see white spots appearing on the gravel or the landscape of the tank, remove the filter chemistry stage and treat the entire tank right away. Keep sick fish separately as they require more medical care than healthy fish.
- You can also use chemical-free methods, such as increasing the water temperature (29°C) or the salt content in the tank (3.8 liters is equivalent to 1 teaspoon of salt). Under these conditions, most mycelium will not survive. [5] X Research Source Raise the temperature (very slowly, no more than 1-2 degrees F per hour) or add salt gradually (1 teaspoon salt/3.8 liters of water every 12 hours). When signs of infection disappear, you need to continue the course of treatment for at least 3 more days before stopping. Next, perform partial water changes more frequently so that the tank water soon returns to equilibrium. During treatment, fish will be affected as well as lose color.
- As with any parasite (like white spot), you need to isolate sick fish. If you solve the problem in time from the beginning, the fish is likely to survive and soon return to its friends.
- In this case, you do not need to isolate the fish because the bubble disorder is not caused by parasites. However, if you are careful then do it.
- This disease also does not require much medicine because it is mainly caused by improper feeding. Just reduce the amount of feed, or preferably stop feeding for about 3 days to give the bacteria in the fish’s guts time to return to normal. If symptoms persist, consider changing to a higher-fiber diet that includes foods like beans, cucumbers, or foods that treat internal infections.
- If only one fish dies, hopefully you catch it in time and the pathogen hasn’t spread to other creatures in the tank.
- If your fish are all dead, you need to clean the entire tank with a cleaning solution. Just ¼ teaspoon of bleach (a very small amount) per 3.8 liters of water is enough. Soak the tank for about an hour to two hours to completely remove toxins, then drain the water and let it dry.
Advice
- A healthy goldfish usually has bright scales and an upright dorsal fin. When choosing to buy goldfish, you should choose fish that look bright and happy!
- Goldfish sometimes have pebbles in their mouths. If you see them doing that, don’t worry! The fish will spit out on its own! Just don’t buy too small gravel, otherwise the fish is in danger of suffocation.
- Goldfish can survive for up to a week without food – so it’s okay if you forget to feed your fish for a day or two.
- If using floating food, you should soak the food in the water for a few seconds and then drop it into the tank to make it easier for the food to sink. This helps reduce the amount of air the fish swallows while eating, while limiting health risks.
- Watch for signs that the fish is uncomfortable.
- If the goldfish has many white spots on its body, it is a sign of white spot disease. This disease is relatively easy to treat, the medicine is available at most pet stores.
- Do not bring fish out of the tank just because you see them open their eyes and not move. That’s how goldfish sleep: they don’t have eyelids, so they sleep with their eyes open.
- You can use baking soda to clean an empty tank. Baking soda will clean algae on artificial plants, tank walls, gravel surfaces and filters. Remember to scrub thoroughly!
- Do not feed fish with ordinary drinking water, only treated tap water should be used.
- Never catch fish with your hands as you may cause the fish not to breathe.
Warning
- Never keep goldfish in small pots or aquariums smaller than 75 liters unless it is temporary. The glass pot is not too small, but the amount of oxygen in the pot is poor, the small pot is difficult to place the filter, it is easy to crash because of the round body of the goldfish and especially inhibit their growth. Small aquariums seriously affect the immune system of fish and cause them to die immediately or slowly die out over several years. You should know: living in a glass pot shortens the lifespan of goldfish by 80%. This is similar to someone dying at the age of 15-20!
- Goldfish will get bigger (usually about 20cm big, but many ornamental goldfish varieties are usually a bit smaller, about 15cm) and can live from 15-30 years. Sadly, millions of goldfish die each year because of lack of proper care and because people believe in the “pot of goldfish” image. Treat fish with kindness and you will see that they will live a long time.
- Goldfish can eat and will eat anything near it, so be careful what you put in the tank!
- Your aquarium is a habitat, not a storage tank; Most aquariums with dense fish stocks are prone to problems because the fish’s living space is significantly limited.
- Be careful with the fish you put in the tank! Find out and ask the seller for their information so that you don’t have to see goldfish skeletons floating in the tank. Listen carefully to information from the seller, however, it is better to do your own research on online forums or aquarium brochures.
- The bed sand in the tank should be stirred every time the water is changed to prevent compaction and anaerobic conditions.
Things you need
- Aquarium/aquarium
- Water
- Goldfish
- Food for goldfish
- Decorations
- Pebbles
- Refinery
- Aquarium thermometer
- Kit for testing pH, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate levels in water. API Liquid Freshwater Master Test Kit is a good recommended kit.
- Racket to catch fish (don’t catch them by hand, always use a racket to catch fish)
This article was co-written by Doug Ludemann. Doug Ludemann is the owner and operator of Fish Geek, LLC, a professional aquarium services company based in Minneappis. He has worked in the fisheries and fish care industry for over 20 years and received a Bachelor’s degree in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior from the University of Minnesota. Doug has previously worked with the Minnesota Zoo and the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago as a professional aquarist.
This article has been viewed 73,356 times.
Goldfish are a fun, low-maintenance pet and a top choice for beginners. However, the outdated “goldfish pot” image will kill your beloved fish, so raising goldfish also requires the same investment of effort and equipment as raising other ornamental fish. Whether you are just starting out with an idea, want to increase your knowledge or even keep a goldfish as a pet, this article will help you know the right care for a happy and healthy fish. strong for years – sometimes decades!
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