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This article was co-written by Diana Lee, MD. Dr. Diana Lee is a family doctor in California. She received her MD from Georgetown University in 2015. Most recently, she completed a research program in ophthalmology at the Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles. Her research interests are diverse and include: cataract surgery, dry eye, thyroid disease, retinoblastoma, and diabetic retinopathy.
There are 28 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 8,599 times.
Cysts are closed sacs filled with fluid. [1] X Source of Research Cysts can appear anywhere on the body and can be due to infection, genetics, defects in cells, or blocked ducts. [2] X Research Resources This article will teach you how to recognize the symptoms of different types of cysts and how to treat them.
Steps
Determine type of cyst
- Both types of cysts are skin-colored or white-yellow and have a smooth surface. [3] X Research Sources
- Epidermoid cysts are more common. This type of cyst grows slowly and is usually painless. Epidermoid cysts do not require treatment, unless they are painful or infected. [4] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Pilar cysts are made up mainly of keratin (the protein that makes up hair and nails) and form from the outer coat of hair, usually on the head. [5] X Trusted Source DermNet NZ Go to Source Pilar cysts are often thought to be another term for sebaceous cysts, but the reality is that the two types of cysts are different.
- Sebaceous cysts usually appear in hair follicles. They form inside the sebaceous glands – an oily substance that coats the hair shaft. When the secretions get trapped, they develop into a small pocket of cheese-like substance. Sebaceous cysts usually appear near the neck, upper back, and on the scalp. [6] X Research Source Sebaceous cysts are often confused with pilar cysts or epidermoid cysts.
- The lump is soft, easy to move, and has distinct edges
- Pain over the tumor
- Size and pain increase just before menstruation starts
- Size and pain decrease after menstruation ends
- In a study by the Royal Cplege of Surgeons in the UK, the authors presented two cases in which malignant melanoma and deep recesses of the oral cavity were initially mistaken for a sebaceous cyst.
- There are many other infections that can be confused with sebaceous cysts, including boils, boils (pimples), and pustules.
Prevention of cysts
- It is currently unknown what causes cysts to develop in breast tissue.
- Doctors do not have an exact answer about risk factors and methods of preventing acne. However, nodules are thought to be related to increased hormone levels during puberty, pregnancy, and infections deep in the hair follicles caused by sebum (skin oil) blockages. [15] X Research Source
- According to the American Academy of Dermatpogy, there is no effective method to prevent the formation of epidermal cysts. [16] X Research Sources However, there are groups of people who are at higher risk for epidermoid cysts: men more often than women, people with acne, and people spending too much time in the sun. [17] X Research Source
- People with hand injuries are at a higher risk of developing an epidermoid cyst or ganglion cyst in the hand.
- Barthpin’s gland cysts may appear after lesions at the vaginal opening.
- Shaving and waxing can also cause cysts to form. Avoid excessive shaving and waxing of previously cystic sites to prevent cysts from reoccurring or forming new cysts.
Treatment of cysts at home
- Cysts that cause pain or discomfort when walking or having sex require medical attention and treatment.
- Cystic acne responds better to ice than to warm compresses.
- Barthpin’s gland cysts can be treated at home by taking a Sitz bath (sitting bath) with warm water. Sitz baths are sitting in warm water a few centimeters high to stimulate drainage of the cyst.
Seek medical attention
- Incision and drainage (I&D) is a simple procedure in which the doctor makes a 2-3 mm incision in the cyst and gently presses for the fluid to drain. This procedure can be done in the doctor’s office for cysts on the skin, such as epidermoid cysts, sebaceous cysts, and superficial coccyx cysts that are not deep or infected (if needed). set). Incision and drainage can be applied to breast cysts, ganglion cysts, testicular cysts or Barthpin’s glands on an outpatient basis, using local or local anesthesia. However, cysts have a high rate of recurrence if the cyst wall is not removed. Incision and drainage cannot remove the wall of the cyst.
- Minimal excision will remove the wall of the cyst and the cheese-like fluid inside. [23] X Trusted Source American Academy of Family Physicians Go to source The cyst is resected and drained before the wall is pulled out. Depending on the size of the cut, stitches may or may not be necessary. This technique may be an option for the treatment of breast cysts, testicular cysts, Barthpin’s gland cysts, and ganglion cysts. The cutting technique is very rarely applied to nodules. This method is usually performed after local anesthesia and the patient can be discharged immediately; General anesthesia is often used for young children.
- Laser cyst removal is an option only for large epidermal cysts or where the skin is thick. This is a procedure that opens the cyst with a laser and gently pushes the fluid inside out. One month later, minimal excision is performed to pull out the wall of the cyst. This method of removal is highly cosmetic for non-inflammatory or non-infectious cysts. [24] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to source
- If you notice a cyst during 2-3 menstrual cycles that doesn’t go away on its own or increases in size, your doctor may perform an ultrasound.
- Your doctor may recommend taking birth control pills to regulate hormones during your period. This treatment is only used in women with severe symptoms.
- Surgical removal is only necessary when the cyst is inconvenient, has blood-like discharge or is green when inserted, or when the doctor thinks it is a non-benign proliferative type. In this case, the entire cyst will be surgically removed (after anesthesia) because incision and drainage will leave the cyst and increase the risk of recurrence.
- Accutane is an effective acne control medication. However, the drug can cause side effects such as birth defects in the fetus, increased risk of depression and suicide, and effects on lipid levels, liver function, blood sugar, and white blood cell counts. You need a blood test once a month to monitor your response to the medication. [28] X Source of Study Women must take two forms of birth control while taking Accutane.
- If symptoms do not improve with nonsurgical treatment (needle aspiration or immobilization), or if the cyst recurs after aspiration, your doctor may recommend surgical removal of the cyst, also known as cystectomy. is surgery to remove the entire lymph node. In this procedure, part of the tendon or joint capsule is also removed. There is still a low chance that the cyst will recur after being completely removed. This is a surgical procedure that is performed under local anesthesia and can be treated as an outpatient.
- Incision and drainage are used if the Barthpin gland is enlarged or infected and Sitz bath therapy is not effective. Local anesthesia or sedation will be used. The catheter may be left in the gland to open the gland for up to 6 weeks for complete drainage.
- Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics to treat the infection.
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia in the United States does not recommend surgery for adolescents. Instead, they recommend young adults learn how to self-examine and report a change or increase in size (which could be a sign of surgery) if any. [32] X Research Source Testicular cysts in children usually resolve on their own.
- Percutaneous sclerotherapy is an option that reduces the risk of scrotal surgery and has yielded good results in the study. [33] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source When using ultrasound to guide antiscleroderma injections, symptoms were resolved in 84% of the men in the study after 6 months. Sclerotherapy helps to reduce the size and symptoms of testicular cysts. This procedure greatly reduces health risks and reduces the risk of cysts coming back.
Advice
- Most types of cysts are not preventable and do not cause cancer. In most cases, a doctor will wait and see before recommending medical or surgical intervention.
Warning
- Never squeeze, squeeze or poke the cyst. These actions increase the risk of infection and scarring of the tissue.
- Most skin cysts clear up on their own. If you want to get rid of a cyst faster, you can visit your doctor to discuss treatment options based on the size, location and type of the cyst.
- Always wash your hands thoroughly before and after treating a cyst or any skin infection.
This article was co-written by Diana Lee, MD. Dr. Diana Lee is a family doctor in California. She received her MD from Georgetown University in 2015. Most recently, she completed a research program in ophthalmology at the Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles. Her research interests are diverse and include: cataract surgery, dry eye, thyroid disease, retinoblastoma, and diabetic retinopathy.
There are 28 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 8,599 times.
Cysts are closed sacs filled with fluid. [1] X Source of Research Cysts can appear anywhere on the body and can be due to infection, genetics, defects in cells, or blocked ducts. [2] X Research Resources This article will teach you how to recognize the symptoms of different types of cysts and how to treat them.
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