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This article was co-written by Mandpin S. Ziadie, MD. Dr. Ziadie is a licensed South Florida pathologist specializing in pathology and clinical practice. She earned her medical degree from the University of Miami School of Medicine in 2004 and completed her study in Pediatric Pathology at Children’s Medical Center in 2010.
There are 8 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 10,086 times.
Almost anyone will have their blood drawn and analyzed in a laboratory by a medical professional at some point in their life. The most common form of blood test is a complete blood count or CBC. This test measures every cell and different components in the blood, such as red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), platelets, and hemoglobin (hemoglobin – Hb). [1] X Research Resources Other things may be added to a CBC test, such as a test related to chpesterp levels or blood sugar. To understand health indicators and become less dependent on doctors, learning how to read blood test results is not a bad idea. Be sure to return to your doctor to discuss further test results as needed.
Steps
Understanding the Basic CBC Test
- Once you are familiar with the presentation of test results, you can quickly skim and spot any abnormalities (if any) highlighted. Usually, too low is represented by the letter “L” and “H” is used for too high.
- You don’t have to remember the normal values of any measurement components because they are always included in the test results for reference.
- Normal red blood cell count is not the same in men and women. Men usually have 20-25% more red blood cells because they are usually larger with more muscle tissue and therefore need more oxygen than women.
- HCT – red blood cell volume (percentage of red blood cell volume to blood volume) and MCV (mean red blood cell volume) are two measures of red blood cells and, in general, they are both higher in men because they need more oxygen.
- The concentration of red blood cells and hemoglobin is closely related because hemoglobin is a molecule located in red blood cells. However, there are also cases of malformed red blood cells that do not contain hemoglobin (sickle cell anemia).
- Many compounds have a “thinning” effect on the blood, meaning they inhibit platelet adhesion and prevent blood from clotting. Common compounds include: alcohol, many medications (ibuprofen, aspirin, heparin), garlic, and parsley.
- The CBC also includes testing for eosinophils (Eos), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), mean hemoglobin (MCH), mean erythrocyte volume (MCV) and ratio mean hemoglobin in red blood cells (MCHC).
Understanding Other Tests and Records
- HDL separates excess cholesterol from the blood and transfers it to the liver for reuse. The desired HDL level is above 50 mg/dL (ideally: above 60 mg/dL). [7] X Study Source HDL is the only indicator you would expect to get a high value in this blood test group.
- When injured or inflamed, LDL carries excess cholesterol into the blood vessel walls and, as a result, can lead to atherosclerosis (blocking of the arteries). The desired LDL level is less than 130 mg/dL (ideal: less than 100 mg/dL).
- People at high risk for diabetes (“pre-diabetes”) typically have blood glucose levels between 100-125 mg/dL.
- Other causes of high blood glucose levels include: severe stress, chronic kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, inflammation or pancreatic cancer.
- Not enough glucose in the blood (less than 70 mg/dL) is called hypoglycemia and is the result of taking too much insulin, alcoholism, and impaired function (liver, kidney, heart).
- Sodium is an essential electrolyte for the circulation of fluids in the body. It allows nerve cells as well as muscles to function properly. However, too much sodium can lead to high blood pressure (high blood pressure) and increase the risk of a heart attack. Normal levels are in the 136-144 mEq/L range. Other electrolytes such as potassium may be included in this section.
- Liver enzymes (ALT and AST) are elevated in the blood when the liver is inflamed or damaged — often the result of too much alcohol and/or drugs (prescription, over-the-counter, and unauthorized) or infection, such as such as hepatitis. Bilirubin, albumin and total protein may be included in this section.
- If your blood creatinine and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are too high, you may have a kidney problem. BUN should be at 7-29 mg/dL while for creatinine it should be between 0.8-1.4 mg/dL.
- Other components in CMP include albumin, chloride, potassium, calcium, total protein, and bilirubin. High or low levels of these ingredients can be a sign of disease.
Advice
- Remember that many factors can affect blood test results (age, gender, stress, altitude/climate where you live). So, until you talk to your doctor, don’t jump to conclusions.
- You can learn any unit of measurement if you want, but this is not strictly necessary because it is the comparison of the metrics with their normal values that is important.
Warning
- Understanding what your blood test results mean when compared to normal values is important to help you decipher them, but only a healthcare professional is qualified to interpret and base them on. , make accurate diagnoses.
This article was co-written by Mandpin S. Ziadie, MD. Dr. Ziadie is a licensed South Florida pathologist specializing in pathology and clinical practice. She earned her medical degree from the University of Miami School of Medicine in 2004 and completed her study in Pediatric Pathology at Children’s Medical Center in 2010.
There are 8 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 10,086 times.
Almost anyone will have their blood drawn and analyzed in a laboratory by a medical professional at some point in their life. The most common form of blood test is a complete blood count or CBC. This test measures every cell and different components in the blood, such as red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), platelets, and hemoglobin (hemoglobin – Hb). [1] X Research Resources Other things may be added to a CBC test, such as a test related to chpesterp levels or blood sugar. To understand health indicators and become less dependent on doctors, learning how to read blood test results is not a bad idea. Be sure to return to your doctor to discuss further test results as needed.
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