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This article was co-written by Luba Lee, FNP-BC, MS. Luba Lee is a licensed family physician practicing in Tennessee. She received her MSN from the University of Tennessee in 2006.
There are 16 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 24,481 times.
Chickenpox is a common childhood illness and is highly contagious. Chickenpox is caused by the Varicella Zoster virus, and the virus usually causes a mild, non-life-threatening illness. However, the disease can still be severe and cause death in many people. Both children and adults can get chickenpox. When caring for someone who is sick, you can still get chickenpox if you’ve never had chickenpox or been vaccinated. It’s best to learn how to prevent the disease to reduce the long-term effects of chickenpox.
Steps
Protect yourself around someone who has chickenpox
- After exposure to the virus, the incubation period can be as long as 10-21 days.
- According to studies of transmission between family members, about 90% of people in close contact with an infected person will get chickenpox.
- Varicella virus carriers are capable of infecting others 1-2 days before the appearance of a skin rash and continue to infect until ALL skin lesions crust over.
- Some people who have been vaccinated can get re-infected with Varicella virus, a mild form of chickenpox that can cause less than 50 rashes and a low-grade fever. People who are reinfected with chickenpox can also infect others. However, the infection rate is only one-third of unvaccinated people. [2] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
- Wear a mask to prevent secretions from entering your mouth and nose. You should wear a mask when sharing a room with someone who has chickenpox and change your mask often.
- Wear gloves, a gown, and goggles or a mask if the sick person sneezes, coughs, or has nasal discharge. Droplets caused by sneezing can travel through the air for distances of up to 60 meters, so protecting yourself is essential. [5] X Research Sources
- Wash your hands with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds.
- Always remember to rub the back of your hands, between your fingers and under your fingernails.
- If you need time to wash your hands, you can hum “Happy Birthday” twice (about 20 seconds).
- Wash your hands with warm water and dry them with a clean towel or use an automatic dryer to dry your hands.
- Have the person with chickenpox wear a mask when leaving their room to go to the bathroom. Sneezing or coughing when leaving the room can also spread the virus.
- Wear safety glasses, gloves, and gowns when changing bed sheets, entering the patient’s room, coming into contact with the sick person, or handling the patient’s belongings.
Consider getting the chickenpox vaccine
- If you have been exposed to the chickenpox virus and get sick, even if it is mild, there will be antibodies in your blood to protect you from getting chickenpox again.
- Had an allergic reaction to the first dose of the vaccine
- Pregnant women
- People allergic to Gelatin or Neomycin
- Have an immune disease
- Using high doses of steroids
- Are receiving cancer treatment with X-rays, drugs or chemotherapy
- Have given or received blood within the last 5 months
- If you haven’t had chickenpox or been vaccinated, talk to your doctor about getting vaccinated.
- Some people get a mild case of chickenpox after getting the vaccine, have fewer blisters than usual, and usually don’t have a fever. [13] X Credible Sources Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to the source Vaccines are made from live or weakened viruses themselves. [14] X Research Source
- Young children should be vaccinated at 12-18 months of age and booster at 4-6 years of age. The most common side effect of the vaccine is pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site. A small number of children and adults who receive the vaccine will develop a mild rash around the injection site. [15] X Research Source
Identify risk factors and treatments
- Newborns whose mothers have not had chickenpox or been vaccinated
- Adult
- Pregnant women who have not had chickenpox
- People with weakened immune systems due to taking drugs
- People taking steroids
- People taking immunosuppressive drugs
- Skin or soft tissue infections
- Pneumonia
- Septicemia (Septicemia)
- Toxic shock syndrome
- Bone infection
- Septic arthritis (joint infection)
- Encephalitis (Encephalitis)
- Cerebellar ataxia (inflammation of the cerebellum in the brain)
- Dehydration
- Joint infection
- Apply calamine lotion and take a bath with colloidal oatmeal to dry up the blisters and relieve itching.
- Medicines that do not contain aspirin, such as acetaminophen, to reduce fever. Aspirin is thought to cause Reye’s syndrome, a serious illness that can affect the liver and brain, causing death.
- Antiviral drugs for high-risk groups (possibly secondary infections). These drugs include Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and Famciclovir.
- Over 12 years old for preventive care
- Have a weakened immune system
- Pregnant
- Fever lasts more than 4 days
- Fever over 39°C
- The rash becomes red, warm, or tender
- There is discolored discharge from the blisters
- Difficulty waking up or being confused
- Difficulty walking
- Stiff neck
- Vomiting frequently
- Difficulty breathing or coughing a lot
Advice
- Chickenpox is a common childhood illness that is highly contagious, and you need to know how to prevent it if you want to stop the disease from spreading.
- Adults or people with weakened immune systems should learn to take appropriate care and be cautious when dealing with sick people because the consequences will be very dangerous and can be life-threatening.
- Note that a person with shingles (Zona) can also spread chickenpox to someone who has not had it but does not have direct contact. People with shingles are not contagious through droplets. [21] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to the source If you’ve had chickenpox, you can get shingles years or even decades later.
This article was co-written by Luba Lee, FNP-BC, MS. Luba Lee is a licensed family physician practicing in Tennessee. She received her MSN from the University of Tennessee in 2006.
There are 16 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 24,481 times.
Chickenpox is a common childhood illness and is highly contagious. Chickenpox is caused by the Varicella Zoster virus, and the virus usually causes a mild, non-life-threatening illness. However, the disease can still be severe and cause death in many people. Both children and adults can get chickenpox. When caring for someone who is sick, you can still get chickenpox if you’ve never had chickenpox or been vaccinated. It’s best to learn how to prevent the disease to reduce the long-term effects of chickenpox.
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