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This article was co-written by Jennifer Boidy, RN. Jennifer Boidy is a practicing nurse in Maryland. She received her associate of science degree in nursing from Carrpl Community College in 2012.
There are 17 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 6,217 times.
Intravenous catheters are one of the most important and popular tools in modern medicine. Medical professionals use intravenous catheters to administer fluids, blood, and medications directly into the patient’s bloodstream through a small tube. This technique allows for rapid fluid absorption and precise dosing control, which is crucial for many medical procedures, including anti-dehydration fluids, blood transfusions for patients with acute blood loss. , or treated with antibiotics. You must be a healthcare professional to have an intravenous catheter. The first is to prepare the injection supplies, access the vein, and maintain the catheter for best results.
Steps
Preparing for an intravenous catheter
- Disposable sterile gloves
- Catheters with an “inside guide needle” of the appropriate size (usually 14 – 25)
- Intravenous fluid bag
- Garage is not made from natural rubber
- Sterile bandages
- gauze
- Alcohol soaked cotton
- Medical tape
- Medical waste bin
- Sterile paper (put small tools on it for easy access)
- If the patient is worried, their veins may experience some constriction, also known as vasoconstriction. [2] X Research Source This interferes with the placement of an intravenous catheter, so you need to make the patient as relaxed and comfortable as possible before proceeding.
- You should ask if the patient has had any problems with intravenous catheterization in the past. If so, they can tell you where the tube is easiest to place.
- Injecting air bubbles into the patient’s bloodstream can cause a very dangerous embolism.
- An easy way to remove air bubbles from the infusion tube is to completely straighten the coil and open the valve all the way toward the infusion chamber. Then use the tip of the infusion tube to pierce the fluid bag, and squeeze the infusion chamber. Open the valve so that the solution flows down the length of the pipe without creating air bubbles.
- In general, you usually use an intravenous catheter in a size 14-25. Choose a larger (thinner) IV catheter for children and the elderly, but choose a smaller size when you want to infuse fluids faster.
- Before touching the patient
- Before sterile procedures (such as intravenous injections)
- After procedures where there is a risk of touching bodily secretions
- After touching the patient
- After touching objects around the patient
- Before coming into contact with another patient
- Places where intravenous catheters interfere with surgery
- The same location as the place where the venous catheter was recently inserted
- At the site showing signs of infection (redness, swelling, irritation and etc.)
- On the arm or leg on the same side as a mastectomy or open-heart surgery (this can lead to complications)
- Do not wrap the tourniquet too tightly as the hands can be bruised, especially for the elderly. The tourniquet should wrap tightly but not so tightly that you cannot slip a finger underneath.
- Keeping your arm hanging on the floor during a tourniquet will help the veins stand out more as the blood rushes to that arm.
Venous access
- Do not let the IV catheter or needle come into contact with anything other than the skin where the needle was inserted. Otherwise they will no longer be sterile and the risk of infection is higher.
- Notice the blood bouncing back at the shaft of the catheter. This is a sign that you have hit a vein. When blood backs up, insert the needle an inch deeper into the vein. [9] X Research Source
- If you keep slipping, apologize to them, remove the needle and catheter, and reinsert the needle in the other arm or leg with a new IV needle and catheter. Stabbing many times at the same place will cause the patient a lot of pain and leave the bruises for a long time.
- You can reassure them by explaining why you failed, and saying things like, “This happens sometimes. Not anyone’s fault. Next time we will succeed.” [10] X Research Source
- Avoid applying the dressing too tightly to block the infusion tube.
- Do not allow the tape to twist as you wrap it to avoid obstructing the circulation of the infusion fluid. [12] X Research Source
- Don’t forget to put on the bandage a label with the date and time the intravenous catheter was inserted. [13] X Research Source
Maintain venous catheters
- Be sure to wash your hands and put on fresh gloves each time you touch the catheter site. This is especially important when you change the dressing, as long-term use of intravenous catheters often carries a high probability of infection. [15] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source
- You should fix the gauze over the wound with a medical tape like Cobalt. However, usually you just need to press lightly and the bleeding will stop quickly, so the tape is not very necessary.
- Infiltration: Occurs when intravenous fluid is injected into the surrounding soft tissues. The skin in the affected area will be swollen, smooth, and pale. This is a minor problem but can be serious, depending on the medication being given.
- Hematoma: Occurs when blood leaks from a vein into surrounding tissue, often by accidentally puncturing multiple veins at once. Common signs are pain, bruising, and irritation, which usually clear up on their own after several weeks.
- Embolism: Occurs after air is injected into a vein, usually due to air bubbles in the infusion tube. Children are most at risk. In severe cases, this complication causes shortness of breath, chest pain, pale skin, low blood pressure, and even stroke and heart attack.
- Thrombosis and endarteritis: These life-threatening conditions can result from the wrong injection into an artery instead of a vein. Causes severe pain, compartment syndrome (high pressure on muscles leading to a very painful “tight” or “edema” sensation), gangrene, motor dysfunction, and even amputation of the hand or arm. foot.
Advice
- Record everything you do during the intravenous catheterization process. Adequate record keeping will help prevent unnecessary claims and litigation.
Warning
- Do not try to find the vein more than twice. If you still can’t hit the vein after the second try, ask another technician to help.
- Perform intravenous catheterization only if you are a trained healthcare professional.
- Before placing an intravenous catheter, always check the patient record to make sure there are no specific instructions to follow for that individual.
Things you need
- Patient follow-up chart
- Translation bag rack
- Translation bag
- Garo
- Infusion tube clamp
- Tape
- Glove
- Needle
- Cylinder
- Intravenous catheter
- Betadine solution (or use chlorhexidine gauze such as ChloraPrep®)
- Cotton swab
- Tap water (hand hygiene)
- Antibacterial soap
- Medical waste bin
- Trash can contain sharp objects
This article was co-written by Jennifer Boidy, RN. Jennifer Boidy is a practicing nurse in Maryland. She received her associate of science degree in nursing from Carrpl Community College in 2012.
There are 17 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 6,217 times.
Intravenous catheters are one of the most important and popular tools in modern medicine. Medical professionals use intravenous catheters to administer fluids, blood, and medications directly into the patient’s bloodstream through a small tube. This technique allows for rapid fluid absorption and precise dosing control, which is crucial for many medical procedures, including anti-dehydration fluids, blood transfusions for patients with acute blood loss. , or treated with antibiotics. You must be a healthcare professional to have an intravenous catheter. The first is to prepare the injection supplies, access the vein, and maintain the catheter for best results.
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