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Has your computer started to feel a bit sluggish lately? Does it no longer work as well as it used to or can’t keep up with the latest software? Upgrading RAM (Random Access Memory) is one of the simplest and cheapest ways to improve computer performance. Nearly any machine can upgrade RAM, with just a few minutes of operation and a screwdriver. Read on to learn how to do that.
Steps
Install RAM for the desktop
- RAM comes in DDR (double data rate), DDR2, DDR3, and DDR4 types. Most later computers use DDR3 or 4. You must use the type of RAM that is supported by the motherboard.
- RAM is classified by two different speed parameters: PC/PC2/PC3 and MHz. You need to make sure that both of these speed specs match your motherboard’s specifications.
- The number of PCs (such as PC3 12800) is related to the maximum bandwidth (e.g. 12800 = 12.8 GB of maximum bandwidth).
- The speed of RAM is expressed by the number after DDR (eg DDR3 1600 = 1600 MHz).
- Most motherboards also only support up to a certain amount of memory, regardless of the number of slots available.
- iMacs use notebook memory. You can refer to the RAM installation instructions for iMacs in the next section.
- Corsair
- Kingston
- Crucial
- G. Skill
- OCZ
- Patriot
- Mushkin
- A-Data
- For example, to get 8 GB of RAM, you can use two sticks of 4 GB or four sticks of 2 GB. Make sure they can fit properly on the motherboard. You should install RAM in pairs: if you want 4 GB, use 2 to 2 GB. Never use mismatched pairs, such as a 2 GB stick and a 1 GB stick: RAM performance may be degraded.
- Any installed RAM needs to match in speed and bandwidth. Otherwise, the entire system will be overclocked to the slowest stick speed, reducing the machine’s performance.
- Double check the type of RAM supported by the motherboard before making a purchase.
- You can insulate yourself by touching the metal on the case while it is unplugged. If only shutdown, standby voltage remains. So make sure it’s unplugged.
- Do not stand on the carpet while working with the inside of the computer.
- Make sure that matching pairs of RAM are installed in the dual slots. Most of these slots are clearly marked on the motherboard or marked with color. In some cases, you may need to consult the motherboard layout. Make sure they are mounted in the same direction.
- Do the same for every stick of RAM that you want to install.
- Different operating systems have different ways of calculating capacity, and some computers use certain amounts of RAM for specific functions (such as video), reducing usable memory. For example, the operating system will probably only show 0.99 GB even though you have purchased 1 GB of RAM.
RAM settings for Notebook
- Most notebooks have only two slots. Some even have only one. Higher-end notebooks will likely have more slots.
- If there are more than one free slot, insert the RAM into the slot with the smallest number first.
- You can run Memtest if you feel that the RAM is not working properly or is faulty.
Advice
- The Crucial memory website http://www.crucial.com/ is a good one: they provide a memory advice tool that shows the amount and type of RAM supported by your computer. You can also buy RAM on this site.
- If you hear anything other than a beep that lasts for about a second, check your motherboard’s technical documentation to find out what the beep code means. The beep code is a warning system that indicates that one or more components failed to meet the self-test at the start of the POST. Often it is due to incompatible or non-functional hardware.
- If the computer beeps when you turn on the computer, it is possible that the settings are incorrect or the RAM is installed in the wrong type. If you bought a calculator at a store, you should contact that store or the computer manufacturer to determine what the beep code means.
- Don’t panic if the amount of RAM shown on your computer is slightly lower than what you purchased. This is the difference between measuring and allocating memory. If the amount of RAM memory is slightly larger than the one you purchased and installed, it is possible that a chip is faulty or misconnected.
- Operating system memory requirements:
- Windows Vista and later: 1 GB for 32-bit; 2 GB recommended for 32-bit version and 4 GB for 64-bit version
- Windows XP: 64 MB minimum, 128 MB recommended
- Mac OS X 10.6 and later: at least 2 GB
- Ubuntu: recommended 512 MB
Warning
- Do not install the RAM module upside down. In that case, when the computer is turned on, the incorrect RAM slot and module will be damaged. In rare cases, the motherboard can even be damaged.
- If you are uncomfortable with disassembling your computer, seek professional service. Since you bought the RAM yourself, using an installation service won’t be too expensive.
- Don’t forget to release any static electricity that may be building up before touching the RAM: RAM is extremely sensitive to electrostatic discharges. You can do this by touching the metal before you touch the computer.
- Do not touch the metal part of the RAM module. Doing so may damage these modules.
This article is co-authored by a team of editors and trained researchers who confirm the accuracy and completeness of the article.
The wikiHow Content Management team carefully monitors the work of editors to ensure that every article is up to a high standard of quality.
This article has been viewed 8,700 times.
Has your computer started to feel a bit sluggish lately? Does it no longer work as well as it used to or can’t keep up with the latest software? Upgrading RAM (Random Access Memory) is one of the simplest and cheapest ways to improve computer performance. Nearly any machine can upgrade RAM, with just a few minutes of operation and a screwdriver. Read on to learn how to do that.
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