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How to Inject Insulin

February 8, 2024 by admin Category: How To

You are viewing the article How to Inject Insulin  at Tnhelearning.edu.vn you can quickly access the necessary information in the table of contents of the article below.

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This article was co-written by Shari Forschen, NP, MA. Shari Forschen is a nurse at Sanford Health in North Dakota. She received her master’s degree in family nursing from the University of North Dakota and has been a nurse since 2003.

There are 11 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.

This article has been viewed 5,961 times.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to move glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into the cells (cells that use glucose for energy). People with diabetes who cannot produce insulin (type 1 diabetes) or do not produce enough insulin (type 2 diabetes) [1] X Source of study should be given daily injections of synthetic insulin, while controlling their diet. diet and exercise. If you have diabetes or have a child with diabetes and need daily insulin injections, you need to learn how to inject insulin properly. Always consult your doctor for instructions before injecting insulin yourself, and ask your doctor about the specific dose and form of injection.

Table of Contents

  • Steps
    • Injecting Insulin with a Needle
    • Injecting insulin with an injection pen
    • Understanding the need for insulin injections
  • Advice
  • Warning

Steps

Injecting Insulin with a Needle

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 1

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 1

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Preparing instruments. Before injecting insulin, you need to prepare the insulin tube, needle and sterile alcohol swab. Read product labels carefully to be sure to use the correct type of insulin as insulin comes in short-acting, medium-acting, and long-acting. Your doctor will explain which type is best for you. [2] X Research Sources There are many different devices used to inject insulin, including syringes of various sizes, insulin pens, syringes, and pressure injectors.

  • The syringe is the most common insulin injection device. Needles are reasonably priced and easy to find.
  • Syringes come in a variety of types in terms of insulin capacity and needle size. Most syringes are made from plastic (disposable) and have a pre-attached needle at the tip. [3] X Research Sources
  • General rule: Use a 1 ml syringe if the injection is 50-100 units of insulin; syringe of 0.5 ml if the injection dose is 30-50 units of insulin; 0.3 ml syringe if the injection dose is less than 30 units of insulin. [4] X Research Sources
  • Previous needles were typically about 12.7 mm long, but shorter needles (4-8 mm) are equally effective and cause less discomfort.
Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 2

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 2

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Take the insulin out of the refrigerator. Insulin is usually stored in the refrigerator because cold temperatures prevent insulin from going bad; Basically, cold helps to preserve insulin longer. However, you should only inject insulin when the insulin is at room temperature. [5] X Source of Research Therefore, you need to take the insulin tube out of the refrigerator about 30 minutes before injecting in order for the insulin to warm up. Do not microwave the insulin tube or heat it to warm quickly, as this will destroy the insulin.

  • Injecting cold insulin into the body often causes more discomfort and insulin also loses its effectiveness and efficiency. Therefore, you should inject insulin at room temperature for best results.
  • Once opened and used, insulin tubes can be stored at room temperature for up to one month. The product may then expire or decrease in effectiveness.
Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 3

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 3

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Withdraw insulin into the syringe. Before you draw insulin into the syringe, you need to check to make sure you are using the correct type of insulin and that the insulin has not expired. Liquid insulin should not clot. [6] X Research Source Wash your hands before opening the plastic cap of the insulin tube, then wipe the mouth of the tube with alcohol swab to sterilize it. Next, open the cap of the syringe, pull the syringe to the line corresponding to the amount of insulin you want to use, and then insert the needle into the rubber end of the insulin tube, while pushing the plunger down. Insert the needle into the insulin tube and turn the tube upside down, then pull the plunger up to draw just the right amount of insulin into the syringe.

  • Short-acting insulin is transparent in color with no granules inside. Do not use if insulin is clotted or grainy in the tube.
  • Medium-acting insulin is slightly cloudy in color and must be rolled between hands to blend well. Do not shake the insulin tube as doing so will cause the insulin to clump.
  • Check to make sure the syringe is free of air bubbles. If so, pat the balloon to rise and inflate the balloon back into the insulin tube.
  • Once you are sure there are no more air bubbles, carefully place down the insulin syringe and start looking for the injection site.
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Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 4

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 4

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Draw two types of insulin into the syringe. Some types of insulin can be mixed together, but not all, so you should only mix insulin when directed and directed by your doctor. Your doctor will instruct you how much of each type of insulin to take. Add the insulin of both types together to get the total amount to be drawn into the syringe and proceed as directed above. Your doctor can also instruct you on which type of insulin to draw first, so you need to do it in the correct order. [7] X Source of Study Usually, short-acting insulin is withdrawn into the syringe before intermediate-acting insulin, and intermediate-acting insulin is withdrawn before long-acting insulin.

  • Since short-acting insulin is transparent and long-acting insulin is slightly cloudy, you can follow the phrase “clear first, cloudy later” to remember the order in which to withdraw your insulin.
  • Insulin is combined to provide both immediate and long-lasting effects in controlling blood glucose levels.
  • Using a syringe makes it easy to combine different types of insulin, while other injection methods (like using an insulin pen) can’t.
  • Not all diabetics need combination insulin to treat the disease effectively. Some patients may find this too complicated and time consuming. Normally, this would be an evolutionary process; Because diabetes worsens over time, more insulin is needed to effectively treat the patient.
  • Your doctor who prescribes insulin needs to teach you how to inject insulin with a syringe so that you can practice under supervision before injecting yourself with insulin.
Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 5

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 5

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Select the insulin injection site. Insulin needs to be injected into the fatty tissue just under the skin, called subcutaneous fat. [8] X Source of study Therefore, most insulin injection sites have a sufficient layer of subcutaneous fat such as the abdomen, thighs, buttocks or under the biceps. People who inject insulin every day need to change the injection site to avoid injury. You can change injection sites within one body part (injections need to be at least 2.5cm apart) or inject in another part.

  • If insulin is injected deeper into muscle tissue, the insulin will be absorbed too quickly and can lead to dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
  • Injecting too much insulin into one site can cause lipid dystrophy, leading to the breakdown or accumulation of subcutaneous fat. You need to be aware of this as it can affect insulin absorption and if it does, insulin will not work when injected into the site of lipodystrophy. Therefore, changing the insulin injection site is very important.
  • Inject insulin at least 2.5 cm from the scar and at least 5 cm from the navel. Do not inject insulin into bruising, swelling, or pain. [9] X Research Source
Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 6

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 6

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Inject insulin. You can start injecting insulin once you’ve selected a site. The injection site must be clean and dry and can be washed with soap and water (do not use alcohol). Pinch the skin and fat and pull the skin away from the underlying muscle, then insert the needle at a 90° angle (perpendicular or straight up/straight down) if the tissue is thick enough. [10] X Source of Study For small amounts of fatty tissue (usually in type 1 diabetics), the needle should be inserted at a 45° angle for greater comfort. Then release the skin and inject the insulin slowly and steadily by pushing the plunger all the way to the end of the syringe.

  • After the injection is complete, put the needle/syringe in a special container and keep it out of the reach of small children. Do not reuse needles/syringes. [11] X Research Source
  • Create a graph to track insulin injections. Your doctor can give you an illustrated chart to follow.
Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 7

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 7

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Leave the needle at the injection site for about 5 seconds. After injecting insulin into the selected site, it is best to leave the needle/syringe in place for at least 5 seconds to allow all the insulin to be absorbed into the tissue and prevent the insulin from seeping back out. [12] X Research Source When injecting, it is advisable to limit body movement at the injection site to avoid discomfort. If looking at the needle makes you feel nauseous or weak, look away for 5 seconds before proceeding to remove the needle.

  • If some insulin oozes at the injection site, you should press the skin with a clean tissue for 5-10 seconds to absorb and stop the insulin from flowing.
  • Always remember to withdraw the needle at the same angle as when injecting (90° or 45°) to avoid tissue damage.

Injecting insulin with an injection pen

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 8

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Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 8

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Consider using an insulin pen. Injecting insulin with a regular needle/syringe is not as painful as many people think. However, using an injection pen is more comfortable and convenient. Other advantages are that you do not need to draw insulin from the tube, the dose to be injected can be easily inserted into the pen and can be used for most insulins. [13] X Research Source The biggest downside is that you can’t combine the two insulins together if prescribed by your doctor.

  • Pens may be the best choice for young children who need insulin at school because they are easy to carry around and don’t need to get insulin from the fridge. [14] X Research Source
  • There are a variety of insulin pens to choose from, some disposable, some with insulin cartridges and replaceable needles. [15] X Research Source
  • Insulin cartridges and pens can be more expensive than insulin syringes and ampoules.
Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 24

Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 24

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Prepare the injection pen. Check to make sure you are using the correct type of pen and that the injection pen has not expired. Use a sterile alcohol swab to clean the tip of the pen. Open the cap that protects the tip of the needle and screw on the pen. Your doctor will teach you how to use the pen and needle. [16] X Research Source

  • If short-acting insulin is used, the insulin should be clear, undiscolored, with no particles inside, and not cloudy. [17] X Research Source Open the pen cap to expose the needle and wipe the needle with alcohol swab.
  • Moderate or long-acting insulin is slightly cloudy and needs to be mixed prior to injection. [18] X Research Source Gently roll the pen between your hands and flip the pen up and down 10 times to evenly coat the insulin. [19] X Research Source
Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 15 1

Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 15 1

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Open the cap of the injection pen. Open the outer needle cap (reusable) and the inner cap (removable). Do not reuse needles. [20] X Research Sources
Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 13

Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 13

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Prepare the injection pen. Hold the pen with the needle facing up and gently tap to push air bubbles (if any) to the tip. Turn the dose adjustment knob (usually near the injection button) to “2” and then push the injection button until a drop of insulin is seen on the tip of the needle. [21] X Research Source

  • Air bubbles can affect the dose of insulin injected. [22] X Research Source
Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 6

Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 6

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Select the injection dose. Locate the dose adjustment knob at the end of the pen, near the piston. The knob helps you control the amount of insulin you need to inject. Turn the knob to the number corresponding to the injection dose prescribed by the doctor.
Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 5

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 5

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Select the insulin injection site. Insulin needs to be injected into the fatty tissue just under the skin, called subcutaneous fat. [23] X Source of study Therefore, most insulin injection sites have a sufficient layer of subcutaneous fat such as the abdomen, thighs, buttocks or under the biceps. People who inject insulin every day need to change the injection site to avoid injury. You can change injection sites within one body part (injections need to be at least 2.5cm apart) or inject in another part.

  • If insulin is injected deeper into muscle tissue, the insulin will be absorbed too quickly and can lead to dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
  • Injecting too much insulin into one site can cause lipid dystrophy, leading to the breakdown or accumulation of subcutaneous fat.
  • Inject insulin at least 2.5 cm from the scar and at least 5 cm from the navel. Do not inject insulin into bruising, swelling, or pain. [24] X Research Sources
Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 14

Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 14

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Inject insulin. Grip your finger around the pen so that your thumb rests on the injection button. Place the needle on the skin at a 45 or 90 degree angle (be sure to ask your doctor what angle is right for the pen you use) and hold the injection button down for at least 10 seconds. [25] X Research Sources
Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 31

Image titled Give Yourself Insulin Step 31

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Discard the needle. Open the cap and remove the tip of the pen to discard. Do not throw away the pen until the insulin has been used up (usually 28 days, depending on the type of insulin). Do not keep and reuse needles. [26] X Research Source

  • As with syringes, you should find a separate place to put the needles. Store in a sturdy plastic or metal container (and remember to label the outside). Once full, cover the container and dispose of it in a designated medical waste area. Or inform the cleaning staff that this is medical waste/needles.
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Understanding the need for insulin injections

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 9

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 9

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Differentiate between types of diabetes. Diabetes is a disease in which blood glucose (sugar) levels are too high (hyperglycemia) due to a lack of insulin or tissue insensitivity to insulin. [27] X Research Source In general, type 1 diabetes is more serious because the body (pancreas) doesn’t make any insulin, while type 2 diabetes is when the body doesn’t make or use insulin doesn’t work.. Both types of diabetes can be fatal if left untreated.

  • All type 1 diabetics need daily insulin injections, while the majority of type 2 diabetics can control their disease with a special diet, weight loss, and exercise.
  • Type 2 diabetes is more common and associated with obesity (which makes body tissues less sensitive or “ignored” to the effects of insulin).
  • Insulin cannot be taken orally to lower blood sugar because stomach enzymes can interfere with insulin action.
Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 10

Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 10

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Recognize the symptoms of type 1 diabetes. People with type 2 diabetes are often overweight and symptoms develop slowly, while with type 1 diabetes symptoms are quicker and often more severe. [28] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source The most common symptoms of type 1 diabetes include: intense thirst, frequent urination, intense hunger, unexplained weight loss, bad breath sweet (due to the breakdown of ketones), extreme fatigue, irritability, blurred vision, slow wound healing, and frequent infections.

  • Type 1 diabetes can appear at any age, but is usually seen in children or adults. Children with diabetes are often thin and tired.
  • Type 2 diabetes can occur at any age, but is more common in people over 40 who are obese.
  • Without insulin treatment, diabetes can progress and lead to nerve damage, heart disease, kidney failure, blindness, numbness in hands and feet, and skin diseases.
  • Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 11

    Image titled Give Insulin Shots Step 11

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    Understand the risks of injecting insulin. Having diabetes and needing daily insulin injections is risky business. Injecting too much insulin can lead to hypoglycemia because too much glucose is removed from the bloodstream. On the other hand, not injecting enough insulin can cause hyperglycemia due to too much glucose in the blood sugar. Your doctor can estimate how much insulin you need, but it depends on your diet. Therefore, diabetics need to self-monitor their blood glucose levels and determine when to inject insulin.

    • Symptoms of hypoglycemia include: sweating, shaking, weakness, hunger, dizziness, headache, blurred vision, heart palpitations, irritability, slurred speech, drowsiness, confusion, fainting, and convulsions. jerk. [29] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
    • Skipping meals and exercising too much can also lead to low blood sugar.
    • In most cases, hypoglycemia can be treated at home by consuming fast-absorbing carbohydrates such as fruit juices, ripe berries, white bread with honey and/or sugar tablets.
  • Advice

    • If injecting insulin in the buttocks, avoid a position where you usually sit up. Instead, the injection should be higher, e.g. in the back pocket.
    • Many people prefer to inject insulin in the abdomen. This injection site is less painful and absorbed faster and is easier to control.
    • Anesthetizing the skin with ice a few minutes before the injection can provide significant pain relief.
    • Dispose of insulin needles responsibly. Insert the used needle into the cap. Store needles and caps in a container, glass jar, or small container. When the container is full, close the lid tightly and wrap it in a plastic bag. Litter. Do not throw uncapped needles in the trash.

    Warning

    • This article is for guidance only. Always consult your doctor or diabetes specialist for detailed advice on a case-by-case basis.
    X

    This article was co-written by Shari Forschen, NP, MA. Shari Forschen is a nurse at Sanford Health in North Dakota. She received her master’s degree in family nursing from the University of North Dakota and has been a nurse since 2003.

    There are 11 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.

    This article has been viewed 5,961 times.

    Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to move glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into the cells (cells that use glucose for energy). People with diabetes who cannot produce insulin (type 1 diabetes) or do not produce enough insulin (type 2 diabetes) [1] X Source of study should be given daily injections of synthetic insulin, while controlling their diet. diet and exercise. If you have diabetes or have a child with diabetes and need daily insulin injections, you need to learn how to inject insulin properly. Always consult your doctor for instructions before injecting insulin yourself, and ask your doctor about the specific dose and form of injection.

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