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This article was co-written by Matt Bowman. Matt Bowman is a gardener and owner of the Tradition Company in Atlanta, Georgia. Since 2006, Tradition Company provides car wash, lawn care, property maintenance, housework service, firewood and Christmas tree delivery. With over 20 years of horticultural experience, Matt specializes in organic vegetables and general gardening techniques. He holds a bachelor’s degree in journalism from the University of Georgia.
There are 21 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 8,698 times.
Elms are one of the most popular trees, ideal for shade in gardens and along streets. Elm trees are present all over the world in many different varieties. There are more than 30 species of elm, but most of them share the same characteristics: green leaves with serrated margins and turn yellow in autumn; gray-brown bark with deep grooves; Plants with a similar shape to a vase are easy to distinguish from other plants. Sadly, the emergence of Dutch elm disease is threatening many old elm trees, but it is also a defining feature of elms.
Steps
Identification of elm trees with basic characteristics
- American elm leaves are usually about 10-15 cm long.
- English elm leaves are usually about 10 cm long and 7 cm wide, with 10-12 veins. [3] X Research Sources
- European white elm leaves usually have up to 17 veins on the upper side and 14 veins on the underside. [4] X Research Sources
- The Siberian elm is an exception with its flaky blue or orange bark.
- Unlike most other species, the bark of the European white elm remains smooth even at maturity. [6] X Research Sources
- Cedar elm has a lighter lilac gray bark than most other elm varieties.
- Elm trees are often shaped like a vase or fountain. [7] X Research Sources
- Elms are usually deciduous, and they typically grow 0.5 to 1 meter per year, depending on their location.
- If you want to estimate the height of a tree, use a tape measure to measure the diameter of the trunk. Every 0.3 m in diameter is equivalent to 8 years old.
- Siberian elm (also known as Asiatic elm, Lacebark, or Chinese elm) is common in Central Asia, Mongolia, Siberia, India, and Korea).
- European elm grows widely in Europe. Before Dutch elm disease appeared, English elms were also present throughout Europe, but now they only grow mainly in Portugal, France, Spain and England.
- If you know an area where elm trees are abundant and find one that matches the description of the elm tree, it’s probably an elm. Look for areas where elm is likely to grow.
- Elm is adapted to a wide range of climates and soil conditions, including nutrient-poor soils and soils with mild salinity, extreme cold, polluted air, and arid climates. [12] X Research Sources However, in general, elms prefer areas with full or partial sun, moist but well-drained soil.
Take a closer look at the tree
- Caterpillars can also nibble on leaves.
- Woodpeckers, raccoons, squirrels and larks also often live on elms.
- Slippery elms attract birds to eat the tree’s fruit and shoots. [15] X Research Source
- Leaves are dead but haven’t left the tree yet
- Leaves yellow or change color in fall or spring
- Wilted leaves and young shoots appear simultaneously
Identify seasonal changes associated with elms
- The Caucasian elm has small green flowers that appear in spring. [19] X Research Source
- English elm blooms in clusters of small red flowers in early spring. [20] X Research Source
- The elm’s flowers can be hidden under the leaves if the leaves have grown, so look closely before determining if it’s an elm.
- Most varieties of elm have single seeds about the size of a pea.
- Elm tree seeds are enclosed in a thin, ovate, green, wing-like shell called a winged fruit. [21] X Research Sources[22] X Research Sources
- When ripe, elm seeds change color from green to golden brown like hay.
Advice
- Elm trees are susceptible to a number of diseases, including Dutch elm disease. This is a disease caused by fungi and spread by insects. You can identify diseased elm by observing the yellowing of young shoots and leaves, large patches of dead leaves, or yellowing when the leaves are still young without the seasonal color change.
This article was co-written by Matt Bowman. Matt Bowman is a gardener and owner of the Tradition Company in Atlanta, Georgia. Since 2006, Tradition Company provides car wash, lawn care, property maintenance, housework service, firewood and Christmas tree delivery. With over 20 years of horticultural experience, Matt specializes in organic vegetables and general gardening techniques. He holds a bachelor’s degree in journalism from the University of Georgia.
There are 21 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 8,698 times.
Elms are one of the most popular trees, ideal for shade in gardens and along streets. Elm trees are present all over the world in many different varieties. There are more than 30 species of elm, but most of them share the same characteristics: green leaves with serrated margins and turn yellow in autumn; gray-brown bark with deep grooves; Plants with a similar shape to a vase are easy to distinguish from other plants. Sadly, the emergence of Dutch elm disease is threatening many old elm trees, but it is also a defining feature of elms.
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