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This article was co-written by Deanne Pawlisch, CVT, MA. Deanne Pawlisch is a Certified Veterinary Technician specializing in corporate veterinary training in Illinois. She has been a board member of the Veterinary and Urgent Care Foundation in San Tonio, Texas since 2011. She holds a Master’s degree in Anthropology from Northern Illinois University.
There are 8 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 4,490 times.
If you recently rescued or found a puppy, you probably don’t know how long ago it was born. The size of the puppy can give you a rough idea, but each breed has a different growth rate. The easiest way to determine a puppy’s age is to look at its teeth, assess its behavior, and take it to the vet.
Steps
Checking teeth
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Check if the dog has teeth. Puppies without teeth are newborn dogs. Maybe they haven’t opened their eyes yet and are just beside the mother dog day and night. If the puppy has no teeth, it has only been born for up to 3 weeks. [1] X Research Source
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Find fangs. The canines are the four pointed teeth of dogs, with 2 in the upper jaw and 2 in the lower jaw. These are the first teeth to appear in puppies. The canines will begin to erupt between the 3rd and 4th week . [2] X Research Source
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Find the first incisors. The incisors are the small teeth at the front of the mouth, between the canines. Puppies have two sets of incisors that come in after the canines, which appear around 4-5 weeks of age. [3] X Research Sources
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Trace the first set of premolars. Premolars are the teeth that grow right behind the canines. Between 4 and 6 weeks of age, puppies will have their first two sets of premolars erupting. [4] X Research Sources
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Find the last sets of incisors and premolars. These sets of teeth come out a few weeks after the teeth that preceded them. The last incisors will appear when the puppy is 5 to 6 weeks old, and the last 4 premolars will appear between 6 and 8 weeks of age. [5] X Research Sources
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Observe the dog’s full milk teeth. At 8 weeks old, the puppy will have a full set of baby teeth and very sharp. During the growth spurt between 8 and 16 weeks of age, a puppy’s head and jaws will increase in size causing their teeth to become sparser. The teeth look too small for a puppy’s mouth. [6] X Research Sources
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Recognize permanent teeth. Between 16 weeks and 8 months, a puppy’s baby teeth will fall out and be replaced by permanent teeth. The front teeth will be replaced first, then the remaining teeth in order. The older the puppy is, the deeper the permanent teeth appear. [7] X Research Sources
- Most baby teeth will fall out by the time the puppy is 5 months old, and the permanent teeth will appear between 8 and 12 months of age.
Examine your puppy’s body and behavior
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Observe the puppies with their eyes closed. Puppies under 2 weeks old are very small and have not yet opened their eyes. They do not move much and are always close to the mother dog. During the day they just snuggled up with the mother dog, suckled milk and slept. [8] X Research Sources
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Identify puppies that are just learning to walk. Puppies open their eyes at about 2-3 weeks of age. They will start learning to walk and get out of the nest. Puppies also seem to pay more attention to their surroundings and begin to explore on their own. This is characteristic of puppies between 5 and 6 weeks of age. [9] X Research Source
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Notice if your dog has eaten solid food. Puppies are generally breastfed until 5-7 weeks of age. Puppies that are transitioning to solid foods and starting to live independently from their mothers are probably 6-8 weeks old. [10] X Research Source
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Monitor chewing and play behavior. The older the puppy, the more active it will be. By 8 weeks of age, your pup will be behaving like a puppy that everyone knows. Because it is in the period of teething, the puppy will start chewing on the surrounding objects. They also began to play tirelessly and curiously explore everything around them. [11] X Research Source
- Puppies may begin to fidget and purr because of teething.
- They will also sleep a lot after periods of playing and chewing.
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Monitor the puppy’s growth. Puppies will thrive between 8 weeks and 16 weeks of age, and they continue to grow significantly over the next few months. [12] X Research Source
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Watch for changes in the coat. As the puppy grows up, it will replace its fluff with adult hair. A puppy’s undercoat is very soft, while an adult’s coat is stiffer and thicker.
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Observe behavior problems. Puppies between 6 and 12 months old will begin to try to push boundaries. They are becoming more and more hyperactive and easily distracted by everything. They may begin to find many objects in the house to chew on and are more adventurous, sometimes even wandering long distances. [13] X Research Source
- At this age, your dog may ignore you and forget previously learned behaviors.
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Determine growth and development retardation in puppies. Most puppies will reach their maximum size by 8-12 months of age. Large breeds will continue to grow until they are 2 years old. A puppy less than 2 years old is considered to be a teenager. While there are some puppy traits like hyperactivity and chewing, they can be a bit calmer. [14] X Research Source
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Identify female dogs in heat. Female dogs that have not been spayed usually go into heat for the first time at 6-24 months of age. You’ll know your dog is in heat if he’s restless, alert, and easily distracted. In addition, you will notice that the female dog’s genitals are also swollen or have a discharge that is the color of blood or straw. [15] X Research Source
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Test male dog’s genitals to guess age. The testicles of puppies from birth to 7 weeks old are hidden in the scrotum. You’ll guess its age when the dog’s testicles are much more visible. [16] X Research Source
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Take the puppy to the vet. If you can’t guess how old your dog is based on its teeth and growth stages, you can take it to the vet. Your veterinarian will look at your dog’s size and breed, look at your dog’s teeth, and give you a fairly accurate estimate of its age.
- The first time you bring your puppy home, you should bring it to the doctor for a medical examination. Your veterinarian can tell you its age at the first visit.
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This article was co-written by Deanne Pawlisch, CVT, MA. Deanne Pawlisch is a Certified Veterinary Technician specializing in corporate veterinary training in Illinois. She has been a board member of the Veterinary and Urgent Care Foundation in San Tonio, Texas since 2011. She holds a Master’s degree in Anthropology from Northern Illinois University.
There are 8 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 4,490 times.
If you recently rescued or found a puppy, you probably don’t know how long ago it was born. The size of the puppy can give you a rough idea, but each breed has a different growth rate. The easiest way to determine a puppy’s age is to look at its teeth, assess its behavior, and take it to the vet.
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