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This article was co-written by Katie Gohmann. Katherine Gohmann is a professional gardener in Texas. She has been gardening at home and has been a professional gardener since 2008.
This article has been viewed 1,141 times.
Poinsettias are native to Mexico, where they can grow up to 5 meters tall. Many people buy poinsettias for Christmas decoration and do not know how to take care of the tree when the red leaves fall. If you live in an area with mild winters, you can grow poinsettias outdoors as perennials. People who live in cold climates can grow poinsettias indoors year-round. See step 1 below to learn more about both.
Steps
Plant poinsettias outdoors as perennials
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See if the climate in your area is suitable. If you live in an area with mild winters – cultivation zones 10-12 or higher – you can plant the plant straight into the ground, where it can live like a perennial and grow larger and larger year by year. If you live in an area where temperatures drop to freezing during the winter, it’s best to keep your plants indoors. Poinsettias are native to Mexico, and they need a warm climate to grow. [1] X Research Source
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Care for the plant until spring. If you buy poinsettias in the winter for decoration, keep them in pots until spring, even if you live in an area where winters are not very cold. If the pot is covered with tin foil, remove the wrapping so the water can drain out of the pot. Poinsettias need to be left in pots until the weather warms up enough to be planted in the ground. Water when the soil in the pot begins to dry out.
- When spring arrives around March or April, trim the tree down to about 20cm. This will stimulate the plant to start a new growth cycle and be ready for planting.
- Continue watering and fertilizing about once a month until early summer, the right time to replant.
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Prepare the planting site. Find a spot where the plant can receive plenty of sun in the morning and light or partial shade in the heat of the afternoon. Tidy up the soil to a depth of about 30-40 cm. Apply organic compost to the soil if necessary. Poinsettias prefer fertile and well-drained soil.
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Plant a tree. Dig a hole in the soil as wide as the root ball of the plant and plant the tree in it. Gently press the soil around the base of the plant. Cover the ground around the base of the plant with an organic mulch about 5-7 cm thick. Mulch will keep the soil cool and retain moisture in the soil.
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Fertilize plants. You can use a 12-12-12 or 20-20-20 compound fertilizer from the beginning of the growing season, or use compost to fertilize the plants. If the soil is not very fertile, you may need to fertilize the plant once a month.
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Water the plant throughout the growing season. Water the base of the tree every time you feel the dry soil around the plant. Avoid over-watering, as this can cause mold to form on the leaves. [2] X Research Source
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Prune. Snip off small shoots from time to time throughout the growing season to stimulate flowering. You can discard the cut shoots or plant new plants. Prune old branches in late fall or early winter to encourage healthy new shoots next spring. [3] X Research Sources
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Plant branches. You can take branches about 20cm long from the soft tops, or cut branches about 45cm long from the hard trunk on the tree to grow into new plants.
- Dip the cut end of each branch in rooting hormone, then stick it in a pot filled with potting soil or vermiculite mix.
- Keep the soil moist but not wet for several weeks while the branches are taking root.
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Help the tree get through the winter. Apply new mulch around the base of the tree to keep the soil warm during the winter months. Poinsettias can weather the winter in areas where the soil temperature does not drop below 7 degrees Celsius. Dig the plant up and bring it indoors if you live in a climate with cold winters and sub-zero temperatures. 7 degrees C.
Growing poinsettias indoors
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Care for the plant until spring. If you purchased poinsettias in early winter, continue to water them throughout winter through spring.
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Repot the plant in early summer. Choose a pot that is only slightly larger than the old one, and use a fertile potting mix with a high organic matter content. [4] X Research Source This will give poinsettias a good start into the growing season.
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Provide plenty of sunlight for plants. Place the potted poinsettia near a window that receives bright but indirect light in the morning. Choose a draught-free window to keep the plant from being exposed to cold air. Poinsettias grow well in temperatures around 18 degrees Celsius and are not very resistant to temperature extremes.
- If summer temperatures are warm enough and never drop below 18 degrees Celsius, you can leave the plant outdoors throughout the growing season, choosing an area with partial shade. [5] X Research Sources
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Water the plant thoroughly. Water the plant throughout the spring and growing season every time you feel the 2.5cm top layer of soil has dried. Water the pot slowly and wait for the soil to absorb all the water before watering more. Stop watering when the soil is slow to absorb water and before excess water collects on the ground.
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Fertilize monthly. Indoor poinsettias need to be fertilized regularly with a balanced liquid fertilizer. A 12-12-12 or 20-20-20 fertilizer mix is best. Fertilize every month and stop fertilizing in the fall, when the poinsettias are in bloom.
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Prune. Occasionally pluck new shoots from the tree during the growing season to keep the tree compact and lush. [6] X Source of Research You can discard freshly cut shoots or grow new plants. Prune old branches in late fall or early winter to stimulate the growth of new, healthy shoots next spring.
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Protect the tree through the winter. When autumn comes, it’s time to bring your plants back into the house to avoid frost. You also need to create a continuous long night/short day cycle throughout fall and winter to stimulate the leaves to change color from green to red. Do this for 9=10 weeks until bracts form on the plant.
- Move the poinsettias into total darkness for 14-16 hours a day in late September or early October. A cool wall cabinet is ideal, but you can place the plant in a large box for as long as possible. Plants need constant darkness. Any exposure to light during this time slows the plant’s color change.
- Place the plant in complete darkness during the coldest temperatures. The best time is from 5pm to 8am. Poinsettias will bloom best when nighttime temperatures are maintained between 12 and 16 degrees Celsius.
- Every morning, bring the plant out of the dark and place it near a sunny window where the temperature is about 21 degrees Celsius.
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Display poinsettias when leaves turn red. By December, your poinsettias will be ready to decorate for the festive season again. Place the plant in a sunny window and expose it to normal indoor light during the winter when it blooms.
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Stimulates dormancy when bracts begin to fade. When the small yellow flowers wilt among the leaves in February or March, the plant begins to enter hibernation.
- Prune the tree vigorously so that the tree is only about 20-25 cm tall. This is the time to take branches for propagation.
- Reduce watering for several months until the plants begin to sprout in spring. Wait for a few centimeters of the top layer to dry completely before watering.
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This article was co-written by Katie Gohmann. Katherine Gohmann is a professional gardener in Texas. She has been gardening at home and has been a professional gardener since 2008.
This article has been viewed 1,141 times.
Poinsettias are native to Mexico, where they can grow up to 5 meters tall. Many people buy poinsettias for Christmas decoration and do not know how to take care of the tree when the red leaves fall. If you live in an area with mild winters, you can grow poinsettias outdoors as perennials. People who live in cold climates can grow poinsettias indoors year-round. See step 1 below to learn more about both.
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