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This article was co-written by Andrew Carberry, MPH. Andrew Carberry has worked with school gardens and has been involved in the farm-to-school program since 2008. He is currently a Program Associate at Winrock International, specifically the Community Based Food Systems Team. copper.
There are 16 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 16,005 times.
One of the reasons people grow plants from seeds is that they can choose from a wide variety of plants from the wide range of seeds on sale. Growing plants from seeds is often less expensive than buying plants. More importantly, you can take care of and enjoy each stage of your tree’s growth, a highlight that will adorn your garden for years to come. Vegetable and flower seeds are good options for novice gardeners.
Steps
Drills
- New seeds are more likely to germinate than old seeds.
- Collecting seeds from your own trees or fruits is risky but also very enjoyable. Due to cross pollination or grafting (grafting from one tree to another), the seedlings may not be the same as the parent plant.
- It usually takes three to six weeks for a seed to germinate, grow into a healthy plant and be ready to go outdoors, but it can take up to 15 weeks for some plants. [3] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
- Before reusing the old potted plant, you need to wash it thoroughly with soap and water. Dip the basin in a solution of one part household bleach and nine parts hot water, then let it dry. This step will kill microorganisms that may be harmful to the seeds. [4] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
- Some plants, such as lettuce, cucumbers, watermelons and sunflowers, can be damaged when they are taken out to grow if their roots are severed. Instead, you can seed these plants outdoors after the last frost of spring, or plant each seed in a separate cell in a perforated seeding tray and lay the whole block down as you plant. [5] X Research Sources
- If using store-bought soil, you should check to see if it contains compost. If so, you don’t need to fertilize the seedlings. (Don’t try to add compost to your home mix the first time you plant a tree – this will cause more trouble than good.)
- If using peat moss instead of coir, you should add a little hot water to make it easier to mix. [8] X Research Source Since peat moss is acidic, you can add lime (calcium carbonate) to your garden to balance it out. Try making ¼ teaspoon of lime for every 4 quarts of the potting mix. [9] X Research Source
- Common tray, single seed: Spread seeds loosely and evenly throughout the tray.
- General tray, a variety of seeds: Use a clean ruler to draw shallow rows, 2.5–5cm apart. Drop the seeds of each type into separate rows. Label each row.
- Separate pots or seeding trays with holes: Sow one large seed (such as cucumber or watermelon seeds) or two small seeds (such as most sunflower seeds) into each pot.
- Dry vermiculite or crushed sphagnum moss (not peat moss) is ideal for mulching, but you can use a seeding mix instead. [11] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
- Lightly cover the seeds with a layer of soil. If you compress too tightly, it may be difficult for the shoots to penetrate the compacted soil.
- Most seeding trays purchased at the garden center come with a cover film to keep moisture inside. If not, you can make a miniature greenhouse to replace or grow seedlings in an old aquarium and cover.
- Some seeds germinate well in complete darkness, including tomato seeds, calendula, calendula, and coriander. Block out light with black plastic wrap or cardboard. [14] X Research resources garden.org/courseweb/vegetables/CLASS3/c3p4.html
- If you want to maximize your chances of success, you can find out the specific temperature of the variety you want to grow. However, usually you will lose some seeds because of the improper temperature, or the seeds take longer to germinate.
- As noted above, plastic wrap is sufficient to retain moisture during seed germination. This step is for assistance only.
Take care of seedlings
- If sowing multiple rows of seeds in a common tray, you should cut strips of plastic or fabric to cover the rows that have not yet sprouted. [16] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
- If it’s quite cold outside, you may need to place a heating pad between the seeding tray and the window. Otherwise, the cold outside temperature can seep through the window and slow down the growth of the seedlings.
- In the far northern or southern latitudes that do not receive much sun, you need to place the light about 15 cm above the seedlings, and leave the light on every day for 14-16 hours. Move the lights away as the seedlings grow to avoid burning them. [18] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
- Seeds will die quickly if dried out mid-germination. You should check at least once a day.
- If you sow the seeds in soil that already has compost, you don’t need to fertilize. Too much nutrients can burn the plant or cause other problems.
- You can fertilize at half the recommended amount once the seedlings have been moved into larger pots and fertilize the full amount when the plants are mature.
- Rinse the new basin with soapy water and rinse well.
- Pour the moist soil at room temperature into the new pot. Dig a hole just enough for the roots of the seedling.
- Use an ice cream stick or thin object to brush the soil around the roots of the seedling.
- Grab the top leaves and lift the plant. Do not grasp the trunk.
- Place the plant in the hole in the ground. You can use a pencil to spread the roots out a bit, but don’t worry if it doesn’t turn out the way you want.
- Sprinkle moist soil over the roots until the seedling is buried to the same depth as before. Gently press the ground down.
- Avoid sudden changes in temperature and light for at least the first few days while the seedlings are recovering.
- Lower the indoor temperature a bit.
- Water less, but don’t let the plant dry out.
- Take the plant outdoors for an hour or two every day, in a shaded, windy area. Avoid temperatures below 7ºC. [25] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
- Increase the amount of time the plant is outdoors to about an hour a day. Gradually expose the plant to sunlight. (The amount of sunlight exposure depends on the type of tree and the location the tree is moved to.)
- If possible, you should move the plant in the morning with no sun and little wind.
- Moisten the soil both in the potted plant and in the new potting soil.
- Carefully move the roots into the new hole. Spread the roots as wide as possible, being careful not to break the roots.
- Add soil so that the plant is buried in the soil to the same depth as before.
- “Water a lot” so that the soil is in contact with the roots.
Resovle problem
- Disinfect the soil, rinsing all pots and planters with a mixture of one part household bleach and one part water. [27] X Research Source
- Sprinkle vermiculite or perlite on the surface of the pot after planting.
- Avoid wet and cool conditions. When you hold a handful of soil and see water seeping out, it means it is too wet.
- For best results, treat the soil with an antifungal, making sure to follow the directions on the package.
- Peeling: Seeds with hard shells may have to be peeled or thinned. You can try using a nail file to trim it down or using a knife to dig into the seed coat. You can even boil some hard nuts to soften the shells. [28] X Research Sources
- Stratification (wet-cold process): In nature, many tree nuts lie on the ground all winter and germinate in the spring. A few weeks in a cold, moist, simulated environment will help the seed “know” that it needs to germinate. Try placing the seeds in two damp paper towels, in a plastic bag, and in the refrigerator.
Advice
- Pre-select a spot in the garden long before planting; You may have to adjust the soil or prepare the soil in time for the seeds to germinate.
- Some gardeners “touch” the tops of the seedlings daily. This movement seems to stimulate the trunk to grow stronger, shorter. Light breezes have the opposite effect of stimulating plants to grow taller but weaker. [29] X Research Source On the contrary, high-speed winds strengthen tree trunks. Try placing a fan near the seedlings to create high-speed wind.
Things you need
- Seeds
- Planting soil, can be bought at the store or mixed by yourself
- Many types of plant pots
- Fertilizer
- Water
- Sunlight
- Heating pad (optional)
This article was co-written by Andrew Carberry, MPH. Andrew Carberry has worked with school gardens and has been involved in the farm-to-school program since 2008. He is currently a Program Associate at Winrock International, specifically the Community Based Food Systems Team. copper.
There are 16 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 16,005 times.
One of the reasons people grow plants from seeds is that they can choose from a wide variety of plants from the wide range of seeds on sale. Growing plants from seeds is often less expensive than buying plants. More importantly, you can take care of and enjoy each stage of your tree’s growth, a highlight that will adorn your garden for years to come. Vegetable and flower seeds are good options for novice gardeners.
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