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How to Grow Plants from Seeds

February 11, 2024 by admin Category: How To

You are viewing the article How to Grow Plants from Seeds  at Tnhelearning.edu.vn you can quickly access the necessary information in the table of contents of the article below.

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This article was co-written by Andrew Carberry, MPH. Andrew Carberry has worked with school gardens and has been involved in the farm-to-school program since 2008. He is currently a Program Associate at Winrock International, specifically the Community Based Food Systems Team. copper.

There are 16 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.

This article has been viewed 16,005 times.

One of the reasons people grow plants from seeds is that they can choose from a wide variety of plants from the wide range of seeds on sale. Growing plants from seeds is often less expensive than buying plants. More importantly, you can take care of and enjoy each stage of your tree’s growth, a highlight that will adorn your garden for years to come. Vegetable and flower seeds are good options for novice gardeners.

Table of Contents

  • Steps
    • Drills
    • Take care of seedlings
    • Resovle problem
  • Advice
  • Things you need

Steps

Drills

Image titled Grow Plants from Seed Step 1

Image titled Grow Plants from Seed Step 1

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Choose seeds. Garden stores can recommend seeds that are easy to grow in your climate at the right time of year. Vegetables that are great for the beginner gardener are: green beans, lettuce, and basil. Sunflowers, daisies, and poppies are the easiest flowers to grow from seeds. [1] X Research Sources[2] X Research Sources

  • New seeds are more likely to germinate than old seeds.
  • Collecting seeds from your own trees or fruits is risky but also very enjoyable. Due to cross pollination or grafting (grafting from one tree to another), the seedlings may not be the same as the parent plant.
Image titled Grow Plants from Seed Step 2

Image titled Grow Plants from Seed Step 2

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Determine when to plant. In most cases, you need to start sowing the seeds indoors. However, this depends on the type of tree. For example, lettuce and green beans will grow better when planted directly in the ground outdoors. In this case you can plant before the spring frosts are over. Good cold-tolerant plants can be planted outdoors in late winter or early spring. Plants that do well in warm weather need a later sowing time (mid-spring or late spring) so that by the time it gets warmer the plants are ready to go outdoors.

  • It usually takes three to six weeks for a seed to germinate, grow into a healthy plant and be ready to go outdoors, but it can take up to 15 weeks for some plants. [3] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
Choose a seed pot. Seeds sown outdoors are often vulnerable to pests and bad weather. The survival rate will be higher if you take care of the seedlings indoors. Seeding trays sold at gardening stores are of course convenient, but you can also use small pots with drainage holes.

  • Before reusing the old potted plant, you need to wash it thoroughly with soap and water. Dip the basin in a solution of one part household bleach and nine parts hot water, then let it dry. This step will kill microorganisms that may be harmful to the seeds. [4] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
  • Some plants, such as lettuce, cucumbers, watermelons and sunflowers, can be damaged when they are taken out to grow if their roots are severed. Instead, you can seed these plants outdoors after the last frost of spring, or plant each seed in a separate cell in a perforated seeding tray and lay the whole block down as you plant. [5] X Research Sources
Mix seeding soil. Mixing the soil yourself is quite simple and much less expensive than buying soil at the store. You just need to mix perlite, vermiculite and coir (or peat moss) in equal proportions. This mixture is porous and drains quickly, which helps prevent root rot and allows the shoots to rise above the ground. [6] X Research Source Moisten the seeding soil and pour it into the tray until it is about 0.6 cm from the top of the tray. Use a clean object to compact the soil firmly and evenly. Let excess water drain before continuing to the next step. [7] X Research Sources

  • If using store-bought soil, you should check to see if it contains compost. If so, you don’t need to fertilize the seedlings. (Don’t try to add compost to your home mix the first time you plant a tree – this will cause more trouble than good.)
  • If using peat moss instead of coir, you should add a little hot water to make it easier to mix. [8] X Research Source Since peat moss is acidic, you can add lime (calcium carbonate) to your garden to balance it out. Try making ¼ teaspoon of lime for every 4 quarts of the potting mix. [9] X Research Source
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Drills. If the seeding soil is dry, you need to water it to keep it moist before sowing. Read the instructions on the seed packet for exact spacing and depth of sowing, or follow these instructions: [10] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to source

  • Common tray, single seed: Spread seeds loosely and evenly throughout the tray.
  • General tray, a variety of seeds: Use a clean ruler to draw shallow rows, 2.5–5cm apart. Drop the seeds of each type into separate rows. Label each row.
  • Separate pots or seeding trays with holes: Sow one large seed (such as cucumber or watermelon seeds) or two small seeds (such as most sunflower seeds) into each pot.
Fill with soil according to the size of the seed. The rule to follow is to bury the seed at a depth twice the seed diameter. Most tiny seeds need light to germinate, including plants like petunia, lettuce, and wolfberry. You just need to sprinkle the seeds on the surface of the soil.

  • Dry vermiculite or crushed sphagnum moss (not peat moss) is ideal for mulching, but you can use a seeding mix instead. [11] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
  • Lightly cover the seeds with a layer of soil. If you compress too tightly, it may be difficult for the shoots to penetrate the compacted soil.
Lock in moisture with plastic wrap. Seeds are very susceptible to damage because of too high or too low humidity. A layer of plastic wrap or a plastic bag will help keep moisture in the soil until the seeds germinate. [12] X Research Source

  • Most seeding trays purchased at the garden center come with a cover film to keep moisture inside. If not, you can make a miniature greenhouse to replace or grow seedlings in an old aquarium and cover.
Place the seed tray in a warm place with indirect sunlight. If there are no specific temperature instructions on the nut package, you should maintain a daytime temperature of about 18–24ºC, and a night temperature no lower than 13ºC. [13] X Research Source Place a heating pad under the seeding tray if the room temperature is below this. Most nuts grow well in bright light, but you should avoid direct sunlight if the tray is covered with plastic.

  • Some seeds germinate well in complete darkness, including tomato seeds, calendula, calendula, and coriander. Block out light with black plastic wrap or cardboard. [14] X Research resources garden.org/courseweb/vegetables/CLASS3/c3p4.html
  • If you want to maximize your chances of success, you can find out the specific temperature of the variety you want to grow. However, usually you will lose some seeds because of the improper temperature, or the seeds take longer to germinate.
Check the humidity every day or every other day. If the soil mixture looks dry, place the seeding tray in another tray of water. The soil will absorb water from the bottom of the seeding tray. [15] X Source of study This is less risky than watering from above, because then the seeds can be washed away or too much water.

  • As noted above, plastic wrap is sufficient to retain moisture during seed germination. This step is for assistance only.

Take care of seedlings

Remove the film after the seeds have germinated. Most seeds germinate in about 2 weeks. When the sprouts have emerged from the ground, you need to remove the cover film (if any).

  • If sowing multiple rows of seeds in a common tray, you should cut strips of plastic or fabric to cover the rows that have not yet sprouted. [16] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
Expose the plant to strong light after germination. Move the tray to a south-facing window (north direction if in the southern hemisphere), where there is light. If the light and temperature conditions on the windowsill are too different from where they were, you need to move in stages, gradually increasing the light intensity. Sudden changes can kill the plant. [17] X Research Source

  • If it’s quite cold outside, you may need to place a heating pad between the seeding tray and the window. Otherwise, the cold outside temperature can seep through the window and slow down the growth of the seedlings.
  • In the far northern or southern latitudes that do not receive much sun, you need to place the light about 15 cm above the seedlings, and leave the light on every day for 14-16 hours. Move the lights away as the seedlings grow to avoid burning them. [18] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
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Rotate the tree every day. Plants usually grow towards sunlight. If the light comes only through the window, the seedling will lean in that direction and grow long, weak branches. Every day you should rotate a quadrant of the planter tray so that the plants grow evenly. [19] X Research Source
Maintain a steady temperature. Unless otherwise directed on the seed packaging, you should continue to maintain daytime temperatures between 18–24ºC, and nighttime temperatures no lower than 13ºC. Temperatures that are too cold or too hot during this period can cause unhealthy plant growth, such as thin, limp branches. [20] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
Water regularly. Soil should be kept moist but not soggy; otherwise, the delicate roots will rot or suffocate (inability to absorb oxygen). Using a tray of water placed under the pot to allow water to seep up from the bottom is ideal, as watering from the top can break or facilitate disease development. [21] X Research Source

  • Seeds will die quickly if dried out mid-germination. You should check at least once a day.
Fertilize when the first true leaves appear. The first pair of leaves to appear are called cotyledons. The second pair of leaves are the first ‘true leaves’, also a sign that the plant has reached ‘ripeness’ and is ready for real growth. Dilute the balanced fertilizer to a concentration ¼ of the concentration recommended on the label. Pour into a large tray and place the planter tray in the fertilizer solution so that the soil draws the fertilizer from the bottom up. Take once a week or as directed on the package. [22] X Research Source

  • If you sow the seeds in soil that already has compost, you don’t need to fertilize. Too much nutrients can burn the plant or cause other problems.
  • You can fertilize at half the recommended amount once the seedlings have been moved into larger pots and fertilize the full amount when the plants are mature.
Transfer the seedlings to separate pots. If there are many seedlings in a tray, they may need to move to a larger pot to avoid crowding. However, not all seeds need to be moved. This depends on the type of tree. If it is necessary to separate the plants, you should wait until the seedlings appear sturdy enough to withstand the move. Usually gardeners move only the largest and strongest seedlings. You can remove the remaining plants or use as compost. Here’s how: [23] X Research Source[24] X Research Source

  • Rinse the new basin with soapy water and rinse well.
  • Pour the moist soil at room temperature into the new pot. Dig a hole just enough for the roots of the seedling.
  • Use an ice cream stick or thin object to brush the soil around the roots of the seedling.
  • Grab the top leaves and lift the plant. Do not grasp the trunk.
  • Place the plant in the hole in the ground. You can use a pencil to spread the roots out a bit, but don’t worry if it doesn’t turn out the way you want.
  • Sprinkle moist soil over the roots until the seedling is buried to the same depth as before. Gently press the ground down.
  • Avoid sudden changes in temperature and light for at least the first few days while the seedlings are recovering.
Train the tree to be strong. This is the process by which you gradually expose the plant to fluctuating temperatures and outdoor weather conditions so that the plant does not experience shock when moving. Begin this process before the day the plant is moved outdoors:

  • Lower the indoor temperature a bit.
  • Water less, but don’t let the plant dry out.
  • Take the plant outdoors for an hour or two every day, in a shaded, windy area. Avoid temperatures below 7ºC. [25] X Trusted Source University of Missouri Extension Go to Source
  • Increase the amount of time the plant is outdoors to about an hour a day. Gradually expose the plant to sunlight. (The amount of sunlight exposure depends on the type of tree and the location the tree is moved to.)
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Move the seedlings outdoors. Once the weather is warm and the seedlings are able to withstand being outdoors all day, you can either replant them in a permanent pot or into the ground in the garden. Follow specific instructions for each plant, as each plant species has different temperature and light needs. The following tips are just the basics: [26] X Research Sources

  • If possible, you should move the plant in the morning with no sun and little wind.
  • Moisten the soil both in the potted plant and in the new potting soil.
  • Carefully move the roots into the new hole. Spread the roots as wide as possible, being careful not to break the roots.
  • Add soil so that the plant is buried in the soil to the same depth as before.
  • “Water a lot” so that the soil is in contact with the roots.
Tree maintenance. Relocating is quite difficult for the plant and it can take several weeks for the plant to take root. After the first watering, you need to keep enough moisture for the plant but do not allow the plant to become waterlogged. Protect the tree from heavy rain and strong winds until it can cope with its own healthy growth.

Resovle problem

Prevention of fungal infections in young plants. Newly germinated seedlings are so often killed by the fungus that the phenomenon is nicknamed “seedling disease.” Try reseeding and take precautions to prevent fungal spores from falling in and growing:

  • Disinfect the soil, rinsing all pots and planters with a mixture of one part household bleach and one part water. [27] X Research Source
  • Sprinkle vermiculite or perlite on the surface of the pot after planting.
  • Avoid wet and cool conditions. When you hold a handful of soil and see water seeping out, it means it is too wet.
  • For best results, treat the soil with an antifungal, making sure to follow the directions on the package.
  • Find out what causes seeds not to germinate. Many tree nuts, including oranges and apples, require treatment to stimulate germination. For best results, you need to follow the directions for each plant species exactly. Most of these plants require one or two of the following treatments:

    • Peeling: Seeds with hard shells may have to be peeled or thinned. You can try using a nail file to trim it down or using a knife to dig into the seed coat. You can even boil some hard nuts to soften the shells. [28] X Research Sources
    • Stratification (wet-cold process): In nature, many tree nuts lie on the ground all winter and germinate in the spring. A few weeks in a cold, moist, simulated environment will help the seed “know” that it needs to germinate. Try placing the seeds in two damp paper towels, in a plastic bag, and in the refrigerator.
  • Advice

    • Pre-select a spot in the garden long before planting; You may have to adjust the soil or prepare the soil in time for the seeds to germinate.
    • Some gardeners “touch” the tops of the seedlings daily. This movement seems to stimulate the trunk to grow stronger, shorter. Light breezes have the opposite effect of stimulating plants to grow taller but weaker. [29] X Research Source On the contrary, high-speed winds strengthen tree trunks. Try placing a fan near the seedlings to create high-speed wind.

    Things you need

    • Seeds
    • Planting soil, can be bought at the store or mixed by yourself
    • Many types of plant pots
    • Fertilizer
    • Water
    • Sunlight
    • Heating pad (optional)
    X

    This article was co-written by Andrew Carberry, MPH. Andrew Carberry has worked with school gardens and has been involved in the farm-to-school program since 2008. He is currently a Program Associate at Winrock International, specifically the Community Based Food Systems Team. copper.

    There are 16 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.

    This article has been viewed 16,005 times.

    One of the reasons people grow plants from seeds is that they can choose from a wide variety of plants from the wide range of seeds on sale. Growing plants from seeds is often less expensive than buying plants. More importantly, you can take care of and enjoy each stage of your tree’s growth, a highlight that will adorn your garden for years to come. Vegetable and flower seeds are good options for novice gardeners.

    Thank you for reading this post How to Grow Plants from Seeds at Tnhelearning.edu.vn You can comment, see more related articles below and hope to help you with interesting information.

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