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Any gardener interested in growing his or her own vegetables should try growing mushrooms. Mushrooms are a nutritious food because they are low in calories and fat, high in fiber and high in potassium. [1] X Research Source Furthermore mushrooms are easy to grow indoors. Mushrooms thrive in indoor environments, where temperature and light conditions are easier to control. Learning how to grow mushrooms also means controlling the growing conditions carefully.
Steps
Basic mushroom growing method
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Decide what type of mushroom you want to grow. The three easiest mushrooms to grow indoors are oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, and shiitake mushrooms. The methods of growing these mushrooms are similar, but the ideal growing conditions for each type are different. [2] X Research Source
- Mushrooms grown in straw are best; Shiitake mushrooms grow well when grown with sawdust from hardwoods; Mushrooms grow best when grown with organic fertilizers. Different mushroom growing media reflect the different nutritional needs of each mushroom. However, these three mushrooms can all be grown with sawdust or straw.
- Choosing the type of mushroom to grow is up to you. What kind of mushrooms do you like to eat the most?
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Buy mushroom embryos. The fungal embryo consists of sawdust material with mycelium implanted in it – it’s basically the root structure of a fungus, similar to a seedling to grow a plant.
- You can buy high-quality mushroom embryos from many online retailers, some garden stores, or organic stores.
- Make sure to buy fungal embryos instead of fungal spores. Some retailers also sell fungal spores, which are similar to tree seeds (instead of seedlings). Growing mushrooms from spores takes more time and effort, and is only suitable for seasoned mushroom growers.
Disinfect the mushroom growing medium. If you grow mushrooms using straw or sawdust, you will need to disinfect the mushroom planting material before sowing the embryos. This stage has the effect of killing microorganisms that compete with the mycelium. [3] X Research Sources
- To disinfect the mushroom growing medium, you can place the ingredients in a microwave-safe container and add a little water to wet the straw or sawdust. Then place in the microwave on high heat and cook for two minutes until the water boils.
- This helps kill any microorganisms, creating a safe environment for the mycelium to grow. You may need to make several batches to disinfect all the straw or sawdust material.
Heat the mushroom growing medium so that the mycelium grows. The mycelium in the fungal embryo needs to fully develop in the mushroom growing medium before it can become a mushroom. Warm temperatures will facilitate this growth.
- After choosing the right mushroom growing ingredients for the type of mushroom, take a handful of the ingredients and put them in the baking tray. A shallow baking tray with a wide surface will create ample space for mushrooms to grow.
- Use your hands to mix the mushroom embryos into the mushroom growing materials. Place the baking tray on a hot pack at 21 degrees Celsius. This is the ideal temperature for the growth of mycelium.
- Place the mushroom embryo tray in a dark place (such as a cupboard) for 3 weeks. This step is for the mycelium to take root into the growth medium. [4] X Research Sources
Place the mushroom growing material in the appropriate medium. After 3 weeks, you need to put the mushroom tray in a cool and dark place (about 13 degrees Celsius). The basement is a great place to put a tray of mushrooms, but a cupboard or drawer in a room without a fireplace is also a good place in the winter. [5] X Research Sources
- If dark green or dark brown spots are noticed (such as on moldy bread), discard portions of these ingredients.
- Spread a handful of potting soil over the mushroom growing material and spray with water to evenly moisten the mixture. You can place a damp cloth on top of the tray to prevent moisture from escaping.
- You can set the heat lamp to low setting next to the mushroom tray. It will simulate the sun to help the mushrooms orient and grow “up”, making it easier for you to harvest too.
- This mixture needs to be kept moist and cool as the mushrooms grow. Check periodically and spray water if necessary.
- Mushrooms love cool air, but in general, the key is not to let them get too hot. If the temperature is lower than 21°C, the mushrooms will grow well.
Harvest when mushrooms are fully grown. Within 3 weeks you should see small mushrooms appear. Continue to maintain a moist, cool, and dark environment to facilitate fungal growth.
- When the mushroom cap separates from the mushroom body, it is time to harvest. You can pull the mushrooms out with your hands, but doing so risks damaging the mushrooms growing underneath. Instead, you should use a sharp knife to cut the bottom of the mushroom.
- It is best to wash mushrooms before cooking. You can store harvested mushrooms in a paper bag and refrigerate for up to a week.
Growing mushrooms with coffee grounds
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Keep the coffee grounds. Growing mushrooms with coffee grounds is an interesting business when using materials that would have been thrown away. Coffee grounds are an excellent environment for fungi (especially oyster mushrooms) because they have been sterilized through the coffee making process, and coffee contains many nutrients. .
- With 500 g of mushroom embryo, you will need 2.5 kg of fresh coffee grounds (brewed during the day). The best way to get this amount of coffee grounds is to go to coffee shops and ask. They will be happy for you.
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Find the ingredient box. Preferably the mushroom growing bags are usually sold with the mushroom embryos. If not, you can use a large freezer bag, milk carton, or ice cream container that is thoroughly cleaned and punched four small holes in the sides.
Transfer the mushroom embryos to the container. Wash your hands with antibacterial soap, then mix the mushroom embryos into the coffee grounds, using your hands to crush them to ensure that the embryos are evenly mixed. Put the coffee grounds mixed with mushroom embryos into a plastic bag or container and seal.
Place the fungal embryos in a suitable medium. Place the bag or container of mixed coffee grounds in a dark and warm place (temperature between 18-25 degrees Celsius) like a dish rack or under the sink. Wait about 3 weeks until the entire blastocyst turns white – that’s because the mycelium is taking root in the coffee grounds.
- Cut away the green or brown spots that develop on the mycelium as they can make you sick.
Change the location of the mushrooms. When the material has completely turned white, take it out in the light but still in the shade and cut a box about 5 x 5 cm wide above the bag. Spray water twice a day to ensure moisture – fungi cannot grow in a dry environment.
Mushroom harvest. Tiny mushrooms will start to appear within 5 to 7 days. Keep misting, and every day they will double in size. When the mushroom caps begin to rise slightly, it is time to harvest. [6] X Research Source
- When the fungus no longer grows, take the coffee grounds out and bury them in the open air under the humus; New mushrooms may grow depending on weather conditions.
Other mushroom growing methods
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Growing mushrooms from mushroom embryos. For beginners, pre-prepared mushroom embryos are a fun and easy option for growing your own mushrooms. Fungal embryo sets are plastic bags containing sterile straw or soil that has been seeded with fungal embryos. All you need to do is just place the blastocyst in the right environment for 7-10 days, and you will have home grown mushrooms.
- In the US, sets of mushroom embryos usually cost from 20-30 USD (in Vietnam, the price ranges from a few thousand to several tens of thousands depending on type and weight) and there are many different types of mushrooms such as mushroom, crimini, mushroom. portobello, lion’s mane mushroom, shiitake mushroom, and oyster mushroom.
- To grow mushrooms, you just need to open the bag of mushroom embryos and place in a bright place, away from direct sunlight – like a hidden corner under a window sill. Mushroom embryos need to be placed in room temperature and misted daily to keep the humidity high. Some mushroom growing kits also come with a plastic bag to cover the mushroom bag and maintain moisture.
- Mushrooms should grow in 7-10 days, but you may see two or three waves over a period of about 3 months.
- The great thing about these mushroom growing sets is that once the harvest is over, you can bury them outdoors under mulch or mulch. Then depending on the weather conditions, fungi can start to appear in those places. [7] X Research Sources
Grow mushrooms on a log. Another interesting way to grow certain types of mushrooms like Ganoderma lucidum, Maitake mushrooms, lion mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, pearl mushrooms, and abalone mushrooms is to grow on a log. This process involves grafting wood knots that have been sown with mycelium into the log. You can buy these buttons online and from mushroom spore suppliers.
- The first job you need to do is find a suitable log for the fungus to grow. The log should be obtained from non-fragrance species such as maple, poplar, oak and elm, approximately 0.9 to 1.2 m in length and not more than 35 cm in diameter. Logs must be cut from the tree at least 2 weeks before embryo grafting to reduce the natural antifungal properties of the stem.
- To graft a log 0.9 -1.2 m long, you will need about 50 nodes. To attach the knot to the log, use an 8 mm drill bit to drill 5 cm deep diamond holes throughout the log. The holes need to be about 10 cm apart. Place the buttons in the holes and use the hammer to knock the buttons down completely into the trunk.
- If you plan to leave the log outdoors, you may need to seal the holes with beeswax to protect the nodes containing the fungal embryos from insect and weather damage. If you plan to keep the log indoors in the garage or basement, this step is not necessary.
- Gradually the mycelium will grow out of the node and through the trunk until the entire log is covered with mushrooms. Then the fungus begins to grow from the openings in the trunk. This process usually takes 9-12 months. However, depending on the temperature and humidity conditions, the fungus will grow evenly each year. [8] X Research Sources
Advice
- For more information on growing mushrooms indoors and outdoors, you can check out the wikiHow articles.
Things you need
- Mushroom embryo
- Sawdust, straw or fertilizer
- Baking tray
- Heat pad
- Woodland
- Water spray
- Water
- Towel
X
wikiHow is a “wiki” site, which means that many of the articles here are written by multiple authors. To create this article, 21 people, some of whom are anonymous, have edited and improved the article over time.
There are 8 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 21,292 times.
Any gardener interested in growing his or her own vegetables should try growing mushrooms. Mushrooms are a nutritious food because they are low in calories and fat, high in fiber and high in potassium. [1] X Research Source Furthermore mushrooms are easy to grow indoors. Mushrooms thrive in indoor environments, where temperature and light conditions are easier to control. Learning how to grow mushrooms also means controlling the growing conditions carefully.
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