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Fat edema (sometimes called painful fat syndrome) is a disease that causes fat to accumulate in the lower body. This disease usually occurs only in women, but there are some rare cases in men. [1] X Source of Research People with lipedema find it impossible to lose weight in the lower body even though they can lose fat in the upper body. Legs may bruise easily and be painful to the touch.
Steps
Diagnose
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Visit the doctor. The only way to diagnose lipedema is to see a doctor. If you are not an expert in this area, your doctor may refer you to a specialist who can help examine the condition and determine if it is lipedema or a similar fatty disorder.
- The symptoms of lipedema make some people embarrassed to talk to their doctor. Remember that there is nothing to be ashamed of, and if it is lipedema, the earlier it is detected, the easier it is to treat.
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Understand the stages of lipedema. Like many disorders and diseases, lipedema is often easier to treat if caught early. There are 4 stages of lipedema: [2] X Research Source
- In stage 1, the skin will remain smooth and swollen during the day but the swelling will go away when you rest. During this stage, the disease may respond well to treatment.
- In stage 2, there may be indentations and fat lumps on the skin. You may have eczema (dermatitis) or a skin infection called erysipelas. The swelling may still be present but not completely gone, even after you rest and elevate your leg. At this stage, the body is still responding well to treatment.
- In stage 3, the connective tissue may harden. At this stage, the swelling does not go away even when you rest or elevate your leg. The skin may also sag. Disorders at this stage are still treatable, but the body will be less responsive to many treatments.
- In stage 4, you will experience stage 3 symptoms but more severe. At this stage, some experts call it lipoedema. Like stage 3, you should still try treatment, but your body may not respond to some treatments.
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Know what your doctor will check. The best way to diagnose lipedema is to examine the affected site externally. The doctor may feel for lumps that are characteristic of this disorder. In addition, your doctor will ask if you have any pain and describe when/whether swelling increases or decreases. [3] X Research Sources
- There is currently no blood test that can help doctors identify lipedema.
Understand the symptoms
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Watch for signs of swelling in your legs. This is the most common and obvious symptom of lipedema. Swelling is often seen in both legs, and may include the hips and buttocks. Swelling can be gradual or there is a marked difference between the upper and lower body. [4] X Research Sources
- For example, some people with adipose edema have very slim upper hips but large lower hips that are disproportionate.
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Note that the foot usually stays the same “normal” size. The swelling may not appear in the feet and stop at the ankles, making the legs like a pillar. [5] X Research Sources
- Note that symptoms are not always the same. The whole leg may not be swollen or only from above the ankle up to the hip. Some people only have a small pocket of fat just above each ankle.
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Be aware that biceps can also be affected. Although most people experience symptoms in the lower body, symptoms can also occur in the upper arms. Fat in the biceps is the same as in the legs, which means that fat can accumulate equally in both arms. [6] X Research Sources
- On the outside, fat can be seen to accumulate in a long stretch and suddenly stop at the elbow or wrist.
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Check that the skin is cold to the touch. People with lipedema report that the affected skin feels cold to the touch. The skin can also be soft and mushy, like cake dough. [7] X Trusted Source National Health Service (UK) Go to Source
- In addition, you may find it painful to the touch and the affected site bruises easily.
Understand the cause
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Note that the cause is unknown. Although there are a few suspicious factors, doctors are still unsure of the exact cause of lipedema. Unfortunately, the unknown cause makes this disease difficult to treat.
- Providing your doctor with as much health and genetic information as possible will help him or her identify potential causes and develop treatment options. [8] X Research Sources
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Learn about potential genetic links. In many cases, genetic factors can contribute to this disorder. This is because people with lipodystrophy sometimes have family members who are also struggling with this disorder. [9] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source
- For example, if you have lipodystrophy, it cannot be ruled out that your mother or father also has the disorder. [10] X Trusted Source National Health Service (UK) Go to Source
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Consider hormone changes. Some doctors believe that lipedema is hormone-related. This is because the disorder occurs almost exclusively in females and is often during periods of hormonal changes such as puberty, pregnancy or perimenopause. [11] X Research Source
- While it may seem inconsequential, identifying the cause can help your doctor in determining the right treatment.
Advice
- Note that if you have lipedema, you may be more prone to varicose veins, knee pain, and obesity. [12] X Research Source Ask your doctor what you can do to prevent these side effects.
Warning
- It is important to understand that lipedema is not the same as being obese. If you have lipedema, you should remember that you did nothing wrong. It’s not your fault. [13] X Research Source
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This article is co-authored by a team of editors and trained researchers who confirm the accuracy and completeness of the article.
The wikiHow Content Management team carefully monitors the work of editors to ensure that every article is up to a high standard of quality.
There are 7 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 5,070 times.
Fat edema (sometimes called painful fat syndrome) is a disease that causes fat to accumulate in the lower body. This disease usually occurs only in women, but there are some rare cases in men. [1] X Source of Research People with lipedema find it impossible to lose weight in the lower body even though they can lose fat in the upper body. Legs may bruise easily and be painful to the touch.
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