How to Detect Lies

Knowing how to look at someone’s facial expressions to determine if that person is lying will prevent you from falling victim to a scammer. It can also help you know when you should follow your heart’s call to decide to hook up with a charming stranger. This lie detector method is also used by analysts when helping to select jury members; The police use it during investigations. Even judges use lie detection to decide in favor of a trial. To be able to use these techniques, you need to learn to read the microscopic facial and body expressions that most people overlook. That skill takes a bit of practice, but once mastered, it’s really fun! To get started, please stay tuned…

Table of Contents

Detecting Lies Through Faces and Eyes

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Look for extremely small expressions. Those are fleeting facial expressions that are only a hundredth of a second, but reveal the true feelings that are hidden by lies. Some people are born very sensitive, but most people have to train themselves to detect these microscopic signs.

Usually, when a person is lying, that microexpression will be a nervous state of mind, reflected in the furrowed eyebrows, and the creation of short wrinkles on the forehead.

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Look for signs like touching your nose or covering your mouth. People often tend to touch their nose when telling a lie, but when telling the truth, they rarely do it. ^{[1] X Source of Research} This is probably because when lying, an amount of adrenaline is produced that will accumulate in the capillaries on the nose causing uncomfortable itching. ^{[2] X Research Source}^{[3] X Research Source} Liars tend to cover their mouths or keep their hands close to their mouths as if to hide their lies. When their mouths become tense, lips pursed, it is a sign of anxiety. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}^{[5] X Research Sources}

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Pay attention to eye movements. Often you can easily tell if someone is recalling or trying to make up stories based on eye movements. When people recall events, their eyes will glance to the left if they are right-handed. When right-handed people lie, their eyes will glance to the right, and left-handed people will do the opposite. Liars also tend to blink faster (“wink”). Rubbing eyes is also a common sign of lying, more common in men than in women. ^{[1] X Research Source}

Pay attention to the eyelids. When a person sees or hears something they disagree with, the eyelids will stay closed longer than when a normal wink would occur. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001} However, this change is so small that you should know that it is normal in this situation. In a non-stressful situation, how the person blinks, can an accurate comparison be made. If you put your hand or finger over your eyes, it is also a sign that the person is trying to “hide” the truth. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}
Be careful when judging the truthfulness of someone’s words based on eye movements alone. Recent scientific studies have cast doubt on the idea that staring in a certain direction can be a sign that someone is lying. ^{[6] X Source of Research}^{[7] X Source of Research} Many scientists believe that where eyes are directed does not have much to do with honesty.

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Don’t assume that the presence or absence of eye contact is the only sign of honesty. Contrary to popular belief, liars don’t always avoid eye contact. ^{[1] X Research Source} Naturally, people do not look directly into the eyes, but look at fixed objects to focus and recall events. The liar deliberately makes eye contact to appear more sincere; that skill can be practiced to overcome insecurities and to “prove” that the person is telling the truth.

Indeed, it has been shown that some liars tend to “increase” eye contact in response to the fact that investigators often use this criterion to judge the extent of their exposure. honest. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001} Therefore, one should only rely on a person’s hostile gaze when asked questions. quizzes as an expression to generally assess whether the person is feeling stressed or not. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}

Detect Lies Through Speech

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Pay attention to the person’s voice, which can be a sign to help you detect lies easily. The person suddenly begins to speak faster or slower than usual, or the tension causes the voice to become high-pitched or shaky. Stuttering or stammering can also be a sign of a lie.

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Pay attention to exaggerated details. See if the person is talking too much, for example, “My mother lives in France, isn’t it beautiful? Don’t you like the Eiffel Tower? It’s so clean there.” Too many details can reveal to you that the person is trying to convince you to believe what he or she says.

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Watch for impulsive emotional gestures. Their timing and duration seem to disappear when people lie. That’s because the suspect has been practicing his answer (or has prepared for that question) as well as trying to chatter about something, anything, just to fill the silence.

If you ask a question and the person immediately answers you, the person is most likely lying. Chances are they’ve rehearsed that answer many times or came up with an answer just to get it over with.
Another manifestation is the lack of time-related events, such as “I go to work at 5 am, by 5 pm I get home he is dead.” In this seemingly straightforward answer, all events occurring between the two points in time have been “conveniently” omitted.

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Pay attention to the person’s reaction to your question. Honest people will find it unnecessary to defend themselves, because they are telling the truth. Fraudsters, seeing the need to make up for their lies, may use offensive, deflecting, or delaying tactics.

An honest person often gives an even more detailed explanation when others doubt his story. The person who intends to deceive will not be willing to reveal much, but only repeat what they have prepared. ^{[5] X Research Sources}
Listen for a very brief minute delay when the person responds to the question. An honest answer will be recalled very quickly. Liars need to review what they have told others to avoid conflict and make up new details if necessary. Note that sometimes people look up just trying to remember something, not lying – it may just be a natural instinct.

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Care should be taken with the respondent’s use of words. Expressive language can give you clues as to whether the person is cheating. That is:

Repeat after you word by word as you answer the question.
Use delaying tactics, such as asking to repeat the question. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001} Other procrastination tactics include praising the question as great, that the answer Answers are not as simple as yes or no, or use confrontational responses such as “It depends on what you mean by X” or “Where did you get this information? ” ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}
Avoid using contractions, specifically saying “I didn’t do it” instead of “I didn’t do it.” They are trying to clarify the meaning of that lie. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}
Messy and meaningless speech; Liars often stop in the middle of a sentence, start over and can’t finish the whole sentence. ^{[5] X Research Sources}
Use their humor or sarcasm to avoid the problem.
Using statements like “tell the truth,” “tell the truth,” “tell it completely honestly,” “I was taught never to lie,” etc. These can also be signs of deceive. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}
Quickly answer “No” to an affirmative question, like “You’re just cleaning these vases, right?”, to which the person will respond with “No, I didn’t, I didn’t.” clean them up” as if they were trying not to be judged as a late reply. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}

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Notice when the person repeats what they say. If the suspect keeps using the same words over and over again, it could be a lie. When making up stories, people will try to recall certain phrases or sayings to sound reasonable. When asked to explain again, the liar will repeat the same “persuasive” statements again.

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Notice when the speaker hangs in the middle of a sentence. Halfway talking is when a clever liar tries to divert attention away from himself by interrupting himself in the middle of a conversation and moving on to another topic. People can subtly switch to another story like, “I’m going — Hey, did you get a haircut this weekend?”

Be especially careful with compliments from questioners. Liars know well that other people respond positively to compliments, and praising someone can give them a chance to escape interrogation. Be wary of unexpected compliments.

Detect Lies Through Body Language

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Check to see if they sweat. People often sweat more when lying. ^{[8] X Research Source} Actually, measuring perspiration is one of the ways the lie test is used to identify lies (also known as the “lie detector” in the movies) . ^{[9] X Research Sources} However, this alone does not always give reliable results. There may be people who sweat more just because they are nervous, shy, or because of some other condition that causes them to sweat more than usual. This is just one of many other signs to look out for, such as shaking, blushing, and difficulty swallowing.

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Pay attention when the person nods. If the person nods or shakes his head contrary to what is being said, this could be a sign, known as “inconsistency”.

For example, a person who claims to have done something, like “I cleaned those vases clean” but shakes his head, is in fact the jars that have just been cleaned. Unless practiced carefully, this is a very easy mistake to make because the body’s reactions often reveal the truth. ^{[1] X Research Sources}^{[4] X Research Resources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}
Sometimes, when questioned, the person hesitates for a moment before nodding. An honest person will nod along with a good statement and answer “at the same time” when the question is asked; and if you are trying to deceive, that response may be delayed a bit. ^{[1] X Research Source}

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Notice whether the person is standing still or not. One sign that someone is lying is that they are not sitting still, or are moving their bodies, or are groping about anything around them, caused by an amount of anxiety energy being produced in their body. fear of being discovered. To release this energy, scammers often play with tables, chairs, handkerchiefs, or part of their body.

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Observe the level of imitation. People naturally imitate the behavior of the people they are interacting with. It’s a way to build relationships and express interest. Liars rarely imitate because they are still trying to make up stories to make the listener feel confident. The following examples will warn you that something is wrong:

Lean to the other side. When people tell the truth and have nothing to hide, they often turn toward the listener. In contrast, scammers often turn in the opposite direction, as a sign that they do not want to reveal more information than necessary. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001} Turning away can also mean that they don’t like hearing or are not interested. interested, and just wanted to end this conversation as quickly as possible.
For honest people, head movements and body gestures are often imitated by the interaction between the speaker and the listener. People who are trying to lie will do so reluctantly, so their non-copying behaviors and head movements may indicate they are hiding something. You might even spot them intentionally moving their hands to a different position or looking in a different direction.

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Pay attention to the person’s throat. When lying, people often try to clear their throats by swallowing saliva or clearing their throats. Lying causes their body to increase adrenaline secretion, causing the amount of saliva to secrete more, then less. When the mouth produces a lot of saliva, the subject tries to swallow. When the mouth is dry, the person will clear their throat.

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Check the person’s breathing. Scammers often breathe faster, taking one long breath after many short breaths. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001 The} mouth will therefore become dry (causing repeated coughing). Again, it’s because their bodies go into a state of stress, causing their hearts to beat faster and their lungs to need more air.

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Also pay attention to the behavior of other parts of the body. Observe the person’s hands, arms, and legs. In a less stressful situation, people often appear to be very relaxed, taking up a lot of space by spreading their arms and legs, and even stretching their legs freely. For the liar, these parts tend to shrink, stiffen, and point toward their body. ^{[4] X Research Resources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001 The} person may touch their face, ears, or back of the neck. Crossed arms, legs crossed, and limited hand movement can be signs that the person is reluctant to disclose information.

Liars often avoid moving their hands when this is a very normal action in an argument or dialogue. A warning sign could be that the subject will avoid pointing fingers, spreading hands, or touching fingertips (when the fingertips are together in a triangle, it indicates that the person wants to speak out). thinking things), etc. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}
Finger joints should be checked. People who lie while sitting still will cling to the edge of a chair or other object until their knuckles turn white without their knowledge. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}
Grooming is also a common sign of scammers, such as brushing your hair, adjusting your tie or fiddling with your cuffs. ^{[5] X Research Sources}^{[10] X Research Sources}
Keep these two caveats in mind:
- Scammers may deliberately appear sluggish to create a feeling of “relaxation”. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001 Yawning} and boredom can be a sign that they are trying to play tricks. , showing indifference to the situation to hide the deception. Just because they’re relaxed doesn’t mean they don’t lie.
- Bear in mind that these signs may just be signs of anxiety, not lies. The subject in question may not necessarily feel nervous about lying.

Detecting Lies Through Interrogation

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Be careful. While dishonesty and deception can be detected, there are times when you unfairly judge others. A lot of “signs” like shyness, shyness, awkwardness or feelings of shame/low self-esteem can make others look like a liar. A person under pressure can easily be misinterpreted as cheating because the signs of stress are quite similar to the signs of lying. Therefore, it is important that you note a whole “chain” of suspicious behaviors and reactions when observing whether a subject is lying or not, as there will be no “Ah, I see! ” any clarity. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001}

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Let’s look at it as a whole. When assessing body language, speech, and other signs of deception, the following factors must be considered: ^{[1] X Source of Research}

Normally, if not in the current questioning situation, would that person be prone to excessive stress?
Is there any cultural factor involved? It is possible that this behavior is normal in one culture but is considered dishonest in another.
Do you have a personal bias or prejudice against this person? Do you want this person to be a liar? Be careful, or you will fall into a trap!
Has this person ever lied? Specifically, are they experienced scammers?
Is there any engine? Do you have good reason to suspect they are lying?
Are you really good at detecting lies? Have you looked at the big picture or just focused on one or two signs?

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Take the time to establish a relationship with the alleged scammer and create a relaxed atmosphere. Don’t show them you suspect the person is lying, try to imitate the person’s body language and the tempo of the conversation. When questioning, act in an informed, non-aggressive manner. This method will help them get off their guard and you will be able to read the signs more easily.

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Need to set the reference data. That’s how the person behaves when not lying. That helps you see if the way they are behaving now is different from their usual behavior. Start by getting to know someone you don’t know well and then move on from there – people often honestly answer basic questions about themselves. For those you already know, you can check the reference data by asking people for information for which you already have an answer.

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Need to learn how to detect deviations. Often when lying, people will tell true stories, but deliberately do not answer your questions. If a person answers the question “Have you ever hit your wife?” by replying like “I love my wife so much, why would I do that?” then semantically he is telling the truth but avoiding your main answer. This proves he is lying or intentionally hiding something.

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Ask the person to retell the story. If you’re still not sure if they’re telling the truth, ask them to repeat the story several times. It is difficult to repeat false information. In the process of telling the story they make up, the liar may say something contradictory, untrue, or fabricated.

Ask the person to narrate the story backwards and forwards. ^{[5] X Research Sources} This is extremely difficult, especially when you ask that no detail be omitted. Even a professional liar can hardly cheat perfectly if this method is applied.

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Staring at the suspect with a skeptical look. If he is lying, the person will soon become restless and insecure. If the person is telling the truth, the person will often appear angry or frustrated (such as pursed lips, raised eyebrows, raised eyelids, and glared back).

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Be quiet. Liars find it very difficult to fill the silence you create. ^{[4] X Research Sources Joe Navarro and John R Schafer, <i>Detecting Deception</i>, FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, July 2001} The person wants you to believe their lies; Therefore, the silence makes it impossible for them to know if you are convinced or not. If you’re patient and quiet, a lot of scammers will continue to chatter to fill that void, add to it, and most likely make a mistake right then and there without being questioned!

Liars will try to see if you believe the story they make up. ^{[5] X Research Source} If you don’t have any symptoms, many people will feel restless.
If you’re a good listener, you’ll avoid cutting off their conversation, which is a great technique for helping problems speak for themselves. Practice listening without interrupting if you have that tendency – not only will you be able to detect lies, but it will also help you become a more effective listener.

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Let’s follow to the end. If possible, verify the truth behind what the scammer says. An expert liar will probably tell you reasons why you shouldn’t talk to people who can help you confirm or deny the story. This can also be a scam, so don’t hesitate to check with the people the liar has warned about. Any evidence that can be verified should be collated and examined.

Advice

You should check if the lie is reasonable. When it comes to lying, most people get nervous and tend to make up things that don’t make any sense. If they tell you too many details, they are probably lying. Ask them to repeat the story several times and make sure all the stories they tell are the same.
The more you know someone, the easier it is to spot their thinking patterns, and the easier it is to spot when they’re not telling the truth.
Some of the liar’s behaviors mentioned above may coincide with the reactions and behaviors of someone who isn’t lying at all. People who are anxious, shy, easily frightened and full of guilt…for some reason, etc. may react anxiously and pitifully when questioned or pressured. These people can easily become defensive if accused of lying, especially those with a strong sense of honesty and fairness. It looks like they’re lying, but often they’re just shocked or embarrassed when they suddenly become the center of attention.
Liars often use the facts around them to add details to their lies. For example, there is a pen on the table and they will add the pen detail to their story. This is also a sign that they are lying.
If you think someone is lying, ask for details. If they hesitate or touch their face, this could be a signal that they are lying!
Some famous people are scammers. Take note of this, but don’t let it guide your opinion. People are always changing, a lack of faith in a person because of their past can prevent them from turning to a new page in life. Past history is not everything – just as signs of deception need to be placed in a broader context, and on a case-by-case basis. It should be considered that sometimes people with a illustrious past can be framed by others for their own benefit.
If you know someone well, it’s much easier to tell if the person is lying or not.
A sudden change of subject or an amusing joke can signal a hoax. The same goes for becoming highly defensive, looking the other way or trying to convince you by making eye contact. Sometimes, they will start asking you questions to divert attention away from them. Some people are very good liars, not even showing any obvious signs. You have to rely on your own feelings and the evidence you see.
Liars usually don’t talk too much. If you ask, did you do that? They will simply answer yes or no. Be careful. Ask more, did he break the vase? How? You can find out the truth.
If you say “I don’t believe it” or “That doesn’t sound right”, the liar will get mad and speak louder than usual. Try to have a conversation, instead of accusing or cursing.

Warning

Be careful how you judge other people’s honesty. If you are constantly looking for lies, people will avoid you for fear of being questioned. Being on the offensive and doubting everyone is not a warning, but a sign of serious distrust.
Know that there are people who like to stare at you eye to eye. Maybe they practiced this as a way to make others angry or they simply thought it was polite because someone told them to!
Some people really have a dry throat and it’s natural that they keep clearing their throats and swallowing frequently.
Forcing yourself to smile is sometimes just trying to be polite; Don’t see that as a problem. If someone pretends to smile at you, it also means that they want to make a good impression on you, like you and show you respect.
Body language is a sign, but not the reality. Don’t punish someone just for the way you perceive and speculate on their body language and stories. Always look for solid evidence before reaching a final conclusion. Also, don’t make discovering a liar a “If I don’t do it right, I’m like an idiot” situation; Set aside your personal sense of fairness and seek the truth, motives, and more serious consequences. While you have a right to feel betrayed and hurt if someone has lied to you, wanting the other person to be a liar according to your prejudices can cloud your judgment.
Studies show that when questioning suspects, people always do it in their native language because even experts in foreign languages, when questioned in a language other than their mother tongue, will respond. other responses (in speech and body language).
Some people feel restless when they need to go to the bathroom or when they feel too hot/cold.
Be aware of the limitations of people with disabilities. That limitation can affect a person’s response, so applying common people’s standards can lead to erroneous inferences. Find out how they normally act, and then spot the differences.
- People with autism (including those with an autism spectrum disorder) may feel restless, anxious, and avoid eye contact, which is part of their natural bodily response.
- Phobias (especially agoraphobia and post-traumatic stress disorder, known as PTSD) sometimes look like they’re lying; the person may avoid eye contact, avoid others, and behave nervously
- People who are deaf or have hearing problems instead of looking into your eyes, they will look into your mouth to read your mouth and better understand what you are saying.
- Symptoms of bipolar disorder (manic-depressive) include talking very quickly when the person is excited.

Steps