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This article was co-written by Matt Ham. Matt Ham is a computer repair expert, CEO and president of Computer Repair Doctor. With over ten years of experience, Matt specializes in repairing and upgrading Macs, PCs, iPhones, iPads and smartphones. Matt holds a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of North Carpina and a master’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Cpumbia. Matt has expanded his Computer Repair Doctor company to seven different branches. He is also a co-owner of Repair Life, a marketing company that specializes in driving customer numbers for phone and computer repair shops and electronics retailers.
There are 15 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 34,495 times.
This is an article on how to assemble a desktop computer with optional components. To successfully assemble a computer, you need to determine your computer needs and budget, buy the right components, and assemble them in the right order.
Steps
Preparation before assembling the computer
Note: You can buy a computer for normal needs for less than 11.5 million VND. Computers used to play games and calibrate usually cost from 11.5 to several tens of millions of dong.
- Your analytical mind will also assist you during your purchase. Suppose you only want to spend about 2.5 million VND to buy a processor, but better and newer products are reduced from 4.6 million VND to 2.7 million VND at a computer parts store, so then spending an extra 200,000 VND is a more effective long-term investment.
- Processor — Acts as the “brain” of the computer.
- Motherboard — Acts as a bridge between all components and the computer processor.
- RAM — Random access memory. The larger the amount of RAM, the more “workspace” will be created to increase the performance of the computer. Think of RAM like a countertop: the more RAM you have, the more space you’ll have to get things done on your desk. Having little RAM is like having only a small desk!
- Hard drive — Stores data. You can buy a regular hard drive, or choose an expensive solid-state drive (SSD) if you want a hard drive that works super fast.
- Power supply — Provides power to each component of the computer. The power supply is also the bridge between the computer and the electrical outlet that you use to connect the computer.
- Case — Necessary for the storage and cooling of components.
- Graphics card — Used to process images on the computer. While most processors have a built-in graphics processing unit (GPU), you can still purchase a separate graphics card if you want to play games or use your computer for advanced tuning.
- Cooling system — Keeps the inside of the case at a safe temperature. This component is only needed for gaming and tuning computers; Conventional computers can use built-in coolers.
Buy components
- Don’t ignore used parts, especially if they are classified as “Like New” or are in good condition. You can usually buy these components at extremely favorable prices and the quality is not inferior to the new product.
- You can refer to articles about assembling computers at low cost, how to choose components when assembling computers, and how to assemble computers that work both strong and quiet.
- See if the product you want to buy has good reviews on ordering sites and other websites. Avoid promotional charts or figures, as that information is often “enchanted” to look better than it actually is. Some reputable tech review sites are Exquisite, Linus Tech Tips, Tom’s Hardware or Gamers Nexus.
- After you find a component with good reviews, you should also look at the negative reviews about that product. You may find that the component has some good functionality, but is not suitable for your needs.
- The processor will take up most of your budget.
- Processors usually have 4 cores, 6 cores or more. You only need a processor under 6 cores, unless you want to build a gaming PC with super performance.
- The two leading processor manufacturers in the market are Intel and AMD. Usually, AMD offers better values.
- “Built-in Wi-Fi” (make sure the computer can connect wirelessly)
- Bluetooth
- Multiple RAM slots
- Graphics card support if needed (PCIe x16 Slot)
- The computer limits the amount of RAM it can use, and that limit is determined by the capacity of the processor (usually 64GB) and applications. If a program only stores 1GB of data in RAM, having more RAM will not speed up task execution. Normally, you only need to use 8GB RAM, while a gaming computer needs 16GB RAM.
- Depending on the motherboard you will buy DDR3 RAM or DDR4 RAM. Your motherboard manual will tell you what type of RAM is right for you.
- The basic hard drive has a speed of 7200 RPM.
- Hard drives can also use an IDE connection instead of SATA, but SATA is newer and is supported on all newer motherboards.
- If you want a smaller hard drive with faster data retrieval, you can buy a solid state drive (SSD). This type of hard drive is more expensive than most standard computer hard drives. Often they are used as auxiliary hard drives for larger hard drives.
- SSDs typically have a SATA connector, with newer models using NVMe M.2 or SATA M.2. Some motherboards may not support standard NVMe or M.2.
- Just like any other component, you need to make sure the graphics card is compatible with the motherboard. However, this is not a common problem.
- The graphics card will make up about a quarter of a gaming PC budget.
- Nearly every Intel CPU has a built-in graphics card, so you don’t need to buy an extra if you want to use your computer for office work, web browsing, email editing, and occasional online gaming. AMD company also produces 2200G and 2400G processors with built-in powerful graphics cards, supporting playing games with low settings.
- Graphics cards are also known as “video cards” or “GPUs”.
Tip: Choose power supplies from reputable manufacturers such as Seasonic, beQuiet, EVGA or Corsair.
- Case size will depend on the number of hard drive bays and card slots, along with the size and type of motherboard.
- Choose a case that can hold all of the components, including the hard drive.
- The case can prevent air from circulating, causing some high-end power-intensive components to overheat.
Computer assembly
- The power supply is usually installed near the top or bottom of the case. You can determine where to mount the case by looking at the free space on the back of the case.
- Attach the processor to the motherboard by finding the processor port on the surface of the motherboard. The instructions on the CPU and motherboard will tell you the correct installation direction.
- Insert the RAM into the motherboard by finding the slot and inserting it correctly (usually only in one direction).
- Attach the power supply to the motherboard’s power connector.
- Find (but do not attach) the motherboard’s SATA hard drive port. You will use it to connect the hard drive to the motherboard in the next step.
Tip: You don’t need to add thermal paste to a processor with a heatsink, because the heatsink has already been coated with thermal paste during manufacturing. Check underneath the heatsink before applying glue to the processor. [10] X Research Source
- Most available coolers are attached directly to the processor and clamp to the motherboard.
- Lateral heatsinks usually have brackets that need to be mounted below the motherboard.
- Skip this step if the processor has a built-in heatsink.
- If the case has a separate compartment to install the hard drive, you will use the screws that are included to install the hard drive.
- You may need to install and connect the case fan before you can install other components. If so, follow the case fan installation instructions.
- Use the supplied screws to secure the motherboard to the bracket through the shielded screw holes on the motherboard.
- You can only attach these connectors to the motherboard in one direction. Do not try to force the connectors into place with force.
- Remove the front panel of the case (if you want to install an optical drive, you need to install it near the top of the case).
- Insert the hard drive into the correct location (usually near the top of the case).
- Tighten the screw needed to secure the hard drive.
- Insert the hard drive’s SATA cable into the SATA slot on the motherboard.
- Motherboard
- Graphics card
- Hard Drive
- If you’ve purchased a cooling system, you’ll need to install it before doing anything else. Refer to the cooling system installation manual for instructions on how to do this.
- Many cases have shields that slide or screw into the sides of the case.
Use the computer
- First, you need to attach one end of the power cable to the power input on the back of the case.
- The output here is usually a DisplayPort or HDMI port.
of the computer on the front or back of the case. If everything is connected properly, your computer should boot up right away.
Tip: If a problem occurs during startup, or if the computer won’t start, you need to disconnect it from the power source, open the case, and check the connections.
- If you don’t have an installation USB, you need to create it on another computer before you can install the operating system.
- New versions of Windows and Linux operating systems will automatically install most drivers when the computer is connected to the internet.
Advice
- Some components will have a protective plastic layer to prevent scratches. Remember to remove this plastic layer so that the computer does not smell like burning plastic during use.
- Each power cable can only be attached in one direction, but you’ll still need to use force to snap the end of the cable into place. If you are using a newer power supply with an 8-pin 12V EPS connector and an 8-pin PCI Express connector, do not apply force when attaching the cables.
- If you’re installing a cooling system instead of a regular fan, you’ll need a 24-hour test to check for leaks before installing it in your computer.
- You can use a plastic drawstring to carefully tie all the cables together and arrange them so they don’t block air flow.
- If you purchased an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) version of Microsoft Windows and you have a license sticker, stick it on the side of your computer to view the information when you need it during the Windows installation.
- Some power supplies have a built-in 115/230V converter. If you’re in the US, use a 115V setting. [15] X Research Source
Warning
- Avoid electrostatic discharge when installing components. Wear an anti-static bracelet or regularly ground yourself by touching the metal part of the case before handling components.
- Make sure all components are compatible with the motherboard!
- Be careful when working near the sharp metal edges of the case. This part is very easy to cut into the skin, especially with a small case.
- Do not buy computer components from unreliable online sellers; you may be scammed or buy damaged parts.
- Choose to buy a power supply that suits your needs and is manufactured by a reputable company, as the cheaper type can fail and damage the computer system.
- Do not touch the resistors and pins on the CPU or the socket.
- Wash your hands before assembling the computer.
This article was co-written by Matt Ham. Matt Ham is a computer repair expert, CEO and president of Computer Repair Doctor. With over ten years of experience, Matt specializes in repairing and upgrading Macs, PCs, iPhones, iPads and smartphones. Matt holds a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of North Carpina and a master’s degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Cpumbia. Matt has expanded his Computer Repair Doctor company to seven different branches. He is also a co-owner of Repair Life, a marketing company that specializes in driving customer numbers for phone and computer repair shops and electronics retailers.
There are 15 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 34,495 times.
This is an article on how to assemble a desktop computer with optional components. To successfully assemble a computer, you need to determine your computer needs and budget, buy the right components, and assemble them in the right order.
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