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This article was co-written by Pippa Elliott, MRCVS. Elliott is a veterinarian with more than thirty years of experience in veterinary surgery and pet treatment. She graduated from the University of Glasgow in 1987 with a degree in veterinary surgeon. She has worked at a veterinary clinic in her hometown for more than 20 years.
There are 13 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 12,029 times.
Breeding dogs is fun and exciting work as long as you understand the responsibilities and risks of the process. Having a bunch of puppies running around in the house looks cute and fun, but it takes a lot of work! If you’re interested in breeding dogs, you need to make sure you’re ready for the job.
Steps
Deciding on a Dog Breed
- Shop for books written by veterinarians. Consider titles like Reproduction in Dogs: A Breeder’s Manual, 3rd Edition by Dr. Phyllis A. Hpst , or Complete Dog Breeding by Dr. Dan Rice.
- You should not breed dogs to sell as pets. Breeding a dog is not a good profit or a responsible business. This reason will create a market that spurs breeders to flourish around the world. Please be responsible and don’t become a contributor to pet overcrowding.
- Breeding dogs properly and responsibly takes time and investment.
- Dogs should be healthy and alert. The dog’s appearance must be balanced and meet the standards of the breed. The dog’s temperament must also be exceptionally good. [1] X Research Source
- You need to be prepared to live with a litter of puppies for a minimum of 8 weeks before they arrive in their new home. You need to know what time of year mating can take place. This will help you understand how mating affects you and your family.
- Prepare to take care of all puppies. You are responsible for their health and happiness. If for some reason you can’t find new homes for all of them, you’ll have to feed yourself. [2] X Trusted Source The Humane Society of the United States Go to Source
- For service dogs, the skill to perform these tasks well tends to be passed on to the next generation. The parent dog and the parent dog should have a documented track record in the field. People often hold contests to prove a dog can do a good job or not.
- Performance dogs need to have a satisfactory physical structure. It is the standard of appearance for each breed. Each breed has a standard set by the American Kennel Club. Dogs are bred to meet these standards, and are graded on the catwalk with other dogs to determine which one best fits the standard. [3] X Trusted Source American Kennel Club Go to Source
- Other countries have their own breeding standards. If you plan to perform in other countries, look for body standards there.
Choose a dog to breed
- You can also find a male dog from another breeder if you don’t have one. Hiring a male dog or buying sperm will cost money. Sometimes the contract allows the owner of the male dog to take the puppy. Ensure that all agreements are in writing and signed, so that there is a contract between the parties regarding the puppy.
- You should test your dog and the dog you plan to breed for genetic problems related to their lineage. The Orthopedic Foundation of America (OFA) maintains a database of dogs and genetic disease testing results such as hip and elbow dysplasia, eye disease, patellar dislocation, and heart problems. You should not breed dogs with diseases that can be passed on to the next generation. [4] X Research Sources
- Bitches begin estrus between 6 and 9 months of age. They are in estrus every 5-11 months after the first estrus. Breeders usually do not breed a female dog until she is 2 years old and has gone through 3 or 4 estrus periods. This is the time when the bitch is fully grown. Their bodies are now ready to bear the pressures of pregnancy and childbirth.
Dog health check
- Make sure your dog is regularly dewormed. Roundworms, hookworms, and heartworms can be passed from the mother dog to the puppy. [8] X Research Sources
Start the mating process
- The female dog will not accept the male dog until she is ready to mate. It may even bite a male dog to drive it away if it is not ready. Don’t let them get hurt. Watch closely when pairing the two.
- Usually female dogs will accept the male dog 9-11 days after estrus begins, and allow the male dog to climb up to mate.
- If you’re having trouble getting your bitch to mate, ask your vet for a progesterone test. This test will show when the estrous cycle begins and the dog’s body is ready to receive semen. Progesterone levels will rise 1-2 days before ovulation. Some bitches have estrus cycles that are so quiet that it’s undetectable, and a Progesterone test will help determine when you’re ovulating. [9] X Research Source
- This is quite troubling because of the potential problems with the reproductive health of the next generation of dogs.
- In special cases, semen can be implanted by a veterinarian into the female dog’s uterus while she is under anesthesia. Of course, these procedures will increase the cost per pregnancy and per puppy. [10] X Trusted Source American Kennel Club Go to Source
- You need to maintain this diet throughout your dog’s pregnancy. The gestation period of a dog is about 58-68 days.
- Keep the dog’s crate clean, free of parasites such as fleas. Clean the dog’s crate periodically and provide plenty of drinking water and clean bedding.
- Often pregnant bitches are fed puppy food during the last three weeks of pregnancy. Puppy food provides enough calories and nutrients for the developing fetus and prepares the mother for breastfeeding.
Preparing for the dog to give birth
- Alternate layers of plastic cloth and newspaper at the bottom of the box. This liner keeps the litter cleaner when the bottom of the box gets dirty. You just need to pull out a layer of paper and a layer of plastic cloth and leave the rest clean. Line with a clean towel or other lining material that can be easily washed.
- Taking X-rays on day 45 of pregnancy will help the doctor count how many puppy skeletons are in the mother’s womb. X-rays also show if there are abnormally large puppies that could cause problems at birth. This information is the basis for you and your veterinarian to prepare for the possibility of a cesarean section and to know in advance how many puppies will be born.
- If the puppy has a cleft palate, milk will flow from the mouth into the nasal passages. If this disability is severe then you should euthanize it because it will not be able to live.
Taking care of puppies
- Around 4 weeks of age, the dog becomes very active. The nest will no longer be large enough for them, so you should provide a larger box with a wall around it for safety. The mother dog will usually be out of the nest for longer at this point, and you can start weaning the puppy with watered pellets. [11] X Trusted Source American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Go to source
- Ask your veterinarian to check for other health and genetic problems. Responsible breeders will provide this information to new dog owners so they can complete subsequent vaccinations within the recommended timeframe.
- Consider inspecting the new owner’s home. Willingly refuse if they are not suitable for raising puppies. [12] X Trusted Source American Kennel Club Go to Source
- In addition, you should determine whether the puppy is being sold as a pet or for future breeding purposes, and whether there is a requirement for ovariectomy/castration once the dog reaches a certain age. [13] X Research Source[14] X Research Source
This article was co-written by Pippa Elliott, MRCVS. Elliott is a veterinarian with more than thirty years of experience in veterinary surgery and pet treatment. She graduated from the University of Glasgow in 1987 with a degree in veterinary surgeon. She has worked at a veterinary clinic in her hometown for more than 20 years.
There are 13 references cited in this article that you can view at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 12,029 times.
Breeding dogs is fun and exciting work as long as you understand the responsibilities and risks of the process. Having a bunch of puppies running around in the house looks cute and fun, but it takes a lot of work! If you’re interested in breeding dogs, you need to make sure you’re ready for the job.
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