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Hedy Lamarr was not only the epitome of Hollywood glamour in the 1940s and 1950s, but she was also a woman far ahead of her time. Beyond her stunning beauty and acting prowess, Lamarr possessed an exceptional mind and an unparalleled genius for invention. Often dismissed by those who only saw her as a seductive screen siren, Lamarr’s remarkable contributions to technology and her groundbreaking achievements in the field of frequency hopping have reshaped the world as we know it. From her glamorous life in the limelight to her relentless pursuit of intellectual curiosity, Hedy Lamarr’s story is one of audacity, brilliance, and the enduring power of women to challenge expectations and leave an indelible mark on history.
(1914-2000)
Who Was Hedy Lamarr?
Hedy Lamarr was an actress during MGM’s “Golden Age.” She starred in such films as Tortilla Flat, Lady of the Tropics,Boom Town and Samson and Delilah, with the likes of Clark Gable and Spencer Tracey. Lamarr was also a scientist, co-inventing an early technique for spread spectrum communications — the key to many wireless communications of our present day. A recluse later in life, Lamarr died in her Florida home in 2000.
Early Life
Lamarr was born Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler on November 9, 1914, in Vienna, Austria. Discovered by an Austrian film director as a teenager, she gained international notice in 1933, with her role in the sexually charged Czech film Ecstasy. After her unhappy marriage ended with Fritz Mandl, a wealthy Austrian munitions manufacturer who sold arms to the Nazis, she fled to the United States and signed a contract with the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio in Hollywood under the name Hedy Lamarr. Upon the release of her first American film, Algiers, co-starring Charles Boyer, Lamarr became an immediate box-office sensation.
Often referred to as one of the most gorgeous and exotic of Hollywood’s leading ladies, Lamarr made a number of well-received films during the 1930s and 1940s. Notable among them were Lady of the Tropics (1939), co-starring Robert Taylor; Boom Town (1940), with Clark Gable and Spencer Tracy; Tortilla Flat (1942), co-starring Tracy; and Samson and Delilah (1949), opposite Victor Mature. She was reportedly producer Hal Wallis’s first choice for the heroine in his classic 1943 film, Casablanca, a part that eventually went to Ingrid Bergman.
‘Secret Communications System’
In 1942, during the heyday of her career, Lamarr earned recognition in a field quite different from entertainment. She and her friend, the composer George Antheil, received a patent for an idea of a radio signaling device, or “Secret Communications System,” which was a means of changing radio frequencies to keep enemies from decoding messages. Originally designed to defeat the German Nazis, the system became an important step in the development of technology to maintain the security of both military communications and cellular phones.
Lamarr wasn’t instantly recognized for her communications invention since its wide-ranging impact wasn’t understood until decades later. However, in 1997, Lamarr and Antheil were honored with the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Pioneer Award, and that same year Lamarr became the first female to receive the BULBIE™ Gnass Spirit of Achievement Award, considered the “Oscars” of inventing.
Later Career
Lamarr’s film career began to decline in the 1950s; her last film was 1958’s The Female Animal, with Jane Powell. In 1966, she published a steamy best-selling autobiography, Ecstasy and Me, but later sued the publisher for what she saw as errors and distortions perpetrated by the book’s ghostwriter. She was arrested twice for shoplifting, once in 1966 and once in 1991, but neither arrest resulted in a conviction.
Personal Life, Death and Legacy
Lamarr was married six times. She adopted a son, James, in 1939, during her second marriage to Gene Markey. She went on to have two biological children, Denise (b. 1945) and Anthony (b. 1947), with her third husband, actor John Loder, who also adopted James.
In 1953, Lamarr completed the naturalization process and became a U.S. citizen.
In her later years, Lamarr lived a reclusive life in Casselberry, a community just north of Orlando, Florida, where she died on January 19, 2000, at the age of 85.
Documentary and Pop Culture
In 2017, director Alexandra Dean shined a light on the Hollywood starlet/unlikely inventor with a new documentary, Bombshell: The Hedy Lamarr Story. Along with delving into her pioneering technological work, the documentary explores other examples in which Lamarr proved to be far more than just a pretty face, as well as her struggles with crippling drug addiction.
A dramatized version of Lamarr featured in a March 2018 episode of the TV series Timeless, which centered on her efforts to help the time-traveling team recover a stolen workprint of the 1941 classic Citizen Kane.
QUICK FACTS
- Name: Hedy Lamarr
- Birth Year: 1914
- Birth date: November 9, 1914
- Birth City: Vienna
- Birth Country: Austria
- Best Known For: Hedy Lamarr was an Austrian American actress during MGM’s “Golden Age” who also left her mark on technology. She helped develop an early technique for spread spectrum communications.
- Industries
- Drama
- Film
- Astrological Sign: Scorpio
- Nacionalities
- Austrian
- Interesting Facts
- Hedy Lamarr was arrested twice for shoplifting, in 1966 and 1991, though neither arrest resulted in a conviction.
- Death Year: 2000
- Death date: January 19, 2000
- Death State: Florida
- Death City: Casselberry
- Death Country: United States
Fact Check
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CITATION INFORMATION
- Article Title: Hedy Lamarr Biography
- Author: Biography.com Editors
- Website Name: The Biography.com website
- Url: https://www.biography.com/actors/hedy-lamarr
- Access Date:
- Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
- Last Updated: April 19, 2021
- Original Published Date: April 2, 2014
In conclusion, Hedy Lamarr was not only a stunning actress of the Golden Age of Hollywood but also an innovative and brilliant inventor. Her contribution to the field of technology through the invention of frequency hopping spread spectrum technology has revolutionized communication systems and paved the way for modern wireless technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Despite facing countless challenges throughout her life, Lamarr’s perseverance and determination to make a difference in the world is an inspiration to all. Her remarkable accomplishments extend beyond her beauty and talent, making her a true trailblazer and an unsung hero in both the entertainment and technology industries. Hedy Lamarr will forever be remembered as a remarkable woman who defied societal expectations and left an indelible mark on history.
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