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H.P. Lovecraft, often heralded as one of the greatest horror writers of the 20th century, is a name synonymous with the macabre and the cosmic terror that lies just beyond the realm of human understanding. Born in 1890 in Providence, Rhode Island, Lovecraft crafted a literary legacy that continues to captivate readers to this day. His unique blend of atmospheric storytelling, psychological horror, and an unrelenting sense of dread has solidified his place as a master of the genre, inspiring countless writers, filmmakers, and artists. However, Lovecraft’s life was plagued by personal tragedies and obscurity, leading to limited recognition during his lifetime. It is only posthumously that his works skyrocketed in popularity, finding praise for their otherworldly imagination and the intricate mythos known as the “Cthulhu Mythos.” In this exploration of H.P. Lovecraft’s life, works, and enduring influence, we delve into the mind of the enigmatic writer, unearthing the cosmic horrors that lurk in the depths of his imagination.
(1890-1937)
Who Was H.P. Lovecraft?
H.P. Lovecraft was born in 1890, in Providence, Rhode Island. The horror magazine Weird Tales bought some of his stories in 1923. His story “The Call of Cthulhu” came out in 1928 in Weird Tales. Elements of this story would reappear in other related tales. In his final years, he took editing and ghostwriting work to try to make ends meet. He died on March 15, 1937, in Providence, Rhode Island.
Early Life
Lovecraft was born Howard Phillips Lovecraft in 1890, in Providence, Rhode Island. Lovecraft had an unusual childhood marked by tragedy. His traveling salesman father developed a type of mental disorder caused by untreated syphilis when he was around the age of three. In 1893, his father became a patient at the Butler Hospital in Providence and there he remained until his death in 1898.
A sickly child, Lovecraft spent many of his school years at home. He became an avid reader, devouring works on a variety of texts. Lovecraft loved the works of Edgar Allan Poe and developed a special interest in astronomy. As a teenager, he did attend Hope High School, but he suffered a nervous breakdown before he could earn his diploma. Lovecraft became a reclusive figure for several years, choosing to stay up late studying and reading and writing and then sleeping late into the day. During this time, he managed to publish some articles on astronomy in several newspapers.
Writing Career
Lovecraft started out as a would-be journalist, joining the United Amateur Press Association in 1914. The following year, he launched his self-published magazine The Conservative for which he wrote several essays and other pieces. While he had reportedly dabbled in fiction early on, Lovecraft became more serious about writing stories around 1917. Many of these early works were influenced by the writings of Lord Dunsany, an Irish author of fantasy tales, as well as Lovecraft’s early favorite Edgar Allan Poe.
The horror magazine Weird Tales bought some of Lovecraft’s stories in 1923, giving him his first taste of literary success. The following year, he married Sonia Greene. The couple lived together in New York City for two years before splitting up. After his marriage failed, Lovecraft returned to Rhode Island and began work on some of his best stories. “The Call of Cthulhu” came out in 1928 in Weird Tales, and it perhaps best illustrated Lovecraft’s efforts at creating an otherworldly type of terror.
Lovecraft introduced readers to the first of many supernatural beings that would wreak havoc on humankind. Elements of this story would reappear in other related tales—collectively known by many as the “Cthulhu Mythos.” These later stories reflected Lovecraft’s own philosophical ideals. According to American Heritage magazine, Lovecraft once wrote, “all of my tales are based on the fundamental premise that common human laws and emotions have no validity or significance in the cosmos-at-large.”
Death and Legacy
In his final years, Lovecraft was barely able to support himself. He took editing and ghostwriting work to try to make ends meet. Lovecraft died of cancer on March 15, 1937, in Providence, Rhode Island. He left behind more than 60 short stories and a few novel and novellas, including The Case of Charles Dexter Ward. Lovecraft’s passing was mourned by his devoted following of colleagues and aspiring writers with whom he corresponded and collaborated. Two of these friends, August Derleth and Donald Wandrei, formed a publishing company called Arkham House to promote and preserve Lovecraft’s work.
Since his death, Lovecraft has earned greater acclaim than he enjoyed during his lifetime. He has been an inspiration to such writers as Peter Straub, Stephen King and Neil Gaiman. His stories have also served as the inspiration for numerous films, including 2011’s Hunters of the Dark and 2007’s Cthulhu. As King explained to American Heritage magazine, “Now that time has given us some perspective on his work, I think it is beyond doubt that H.P. Lovecraft has yet to be surpassed as the twentieth century’s greatest practitioner of the classic horror tale.”
QUICK FACTS
- Name: H.P. Lovecraft
- Birth Year: 1890
- Birth date: August 20, 1890
- Birth State: Rhode Island
- Birth City: Providence
- Birth Country: United States
- Gender: Male
- Best Known For: Horror fiction author H.P. Lovecraft wrote short stories, novels and novellas, including ‘The Call of Cthulhu’ and ‘The Case of Charles Dexter Ward.’
- Industries
- Fiction and Poetry
- Astrological Sign: Leo
- Death Year: 1937
- Death date: March 15, 1937
- Death State: Rhode Island
- Death City: Providence
- Death Country: United States
Fact Check
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CITATION INFORMATION
- Article Title: H.P. Lovecraft Biography
- Author: Biography.com Editors
- Website Name: The Biography.com website
- Url: https://www.biography.com/authors-writers/hp-lovecraft
- Access Date:
- Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
- Last Updated: July 17, 2020
- Original Published Date: April 2, 2014
QUOTES
- The oldest and strongest emotion of mankind is fear, and the oldest and strongest kind of fear is fear of the unknown.
In conclusion, H.P. Lovecraft remains an influential and highly regarded figure in the world of literature. His unique blend of horror, cosmicism, and psychological terror has left an indelible mark on the genre, inspiring countless authors and filmmakers. Lovecraft’s captivating storytelling, dark imagination, and intricate mythos continue to captivate readers, making him one of the most important and enduring figures in the realm of horror fiction. Though controversial for his personal beliefs and xenophobic views, Lovecraft’s impact on the genre cannot be denied. His stories of unseen horrors lurking beyond the veil of reality continue to resonate with audiences, reminding us of the fragility of humanity and our place in the vastness of the universe. Whether you are a seasoned horror fan or a newcomer to the genre, exploring the eerie and eldritch world of H.P. Lovecraft is an experience that should not be missed.
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