Distinguishing today’s laptop chips: Compare the outstanding features of each type

For a laptop or Pentium laptop, the chip or CPU is considered as the brain that controls all the activities of the device and they are also divided into many different lines. Let’s learn about how to distinguish laptop chips from the following article with Tnhelearning.edu.vn!

What is a laptop chip?

The laptop chip – CPU (Central Processing Unit) is responsible for controlling the entire operation of the device . This department will receive and analyze information from peripheral devices such as mouse, keyboard, … or software, then output the results to the screen.

The structure of a laptop chip consists of millions of transistors arranged on the same small circuit board and contains components such as:

• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) : It is responsible for performing logical calculations carefully, ensuring the most accurate output.
• Control Unit (Control Unit) : User actions will be converted into computer language, so that this block can read, understand and direct the entire operation of the microprocessor accurately.
• Registers : Have a structure similar to RAM and reside in the CPU to temporarily store results from the ALU processor.

Types of laptop chips

Intel Chips

Intel is considered the largest laptop chip manufacturer in the world today. Intel CPUs are present in most desktop and laptop devices and are divided into 4 main lines.

Intel Pentium Chips

Intel Pentium was first introduced in 2000 , is a 2-core chip with a clock speed of 1.1 – 3.5 GHz and is compatible with many different mainboards.

The 4th generation (Haswell) of this chip line has the advantage of saving power and strong performance thanks to being manufactured on a modern 22 Nm process line.

However, this chip line does not support Turbo Boots technology or hyper-threading technology like on higher-end models. Therefore, Intel Pentium chips are mainly equipped for study – office laptop models, with sufficient performance.

Intel Celeron Chip

Intel Celeron is a later chip line and is considered a shortened version of the Pentium series. This chip line has also been upgraded to the Haswell generation, helping the laptop to handle basic office tasks as well as light web surfing.

The Intel Celeron family of chips has a small cache capacity and a limited semiconductor index . Therefore, almost this chip line is no longer equipped on new laptop products, you can only find them in older machines.

Intel Xeon Chips

Intel Xeon was released in 2013 and is considered to be the company’s most powerful chip line with multi-core CPUs (up to 56 cores). L3 cache with a capacity of 15 – 30 MB also helps the chip store and process more data at the same time.

Besides, this chip line is also integrated with available threading technology, good support for ECC RAM, especially with high durability. Therefore, Intel Xeon is often equipped for workstations or graphic-technical laptops.

Currently, Intel Xeon chips are divided into 3 main categories including: E3, E5, E7 . However, the major drawback of this chip line is that they are expensive and are only available on high-end laptop models.

Intel Core i

Intel Core i is the most commonly used chip line today, you can easily see them on most laptop models on the market and are divided into the following 4 types:

• Core i3: A 2-core chip, clocked from 1.8 – 2.3 Ghz and supported with hyper-threading technology. The limitation of i3 is that the cache is less than 3 MB and does not support Turbo Boost. Suitable for editing tasks, light web surfing.
• Core i5: 4-core chip with a clock speed of 2.3 – 2.7 Ghz , supported by Turbo Boost and Hyper Threading technology, a cache of 3 – 5 MB , handling basic graphics tasks well.
• Core i7: This is a highly multitasking chip with a cache of 4 – 8 MB , supported with Turbo Boost and Hyper Threading technology with a maximum clock speed of 2.4 – 3.3 Ghz .
• Core i9 : The most powerful Core i series, owning 6 – 12 cores with a clock rate of 3.5 – 4.5 Ghz . In addition, the chip is also integrated with Turbo Boost Max Technology 3.0 technology, providing high-speed multitasking capabilities.

AMD Chips

AMD is the world’s second largest manufacturer of laptop chips and is also a direct competitor to Intel. This chip line is also very diverse in types and prices, from basic to high-end performance levels, which are popularly equipped on many laptop models today.

AMD Ryzen

The mainstream AMD Ryzen chip line is manufactured based on a 14 – 7 Nm process with 16 cores and 32 threads . The great advantage of this chip line is the ability to save energy but still ensure stable working performance.

AMD Ryzen chips are classified into 4 categories with increasing performance levels including:

• Ryzen 3: Cheap and energy-efficient, often equipped on popular laptop models.
• Ryzen 5: Belongs to the mid-range segment, capable of handling graphics at a basic level.
• Ryzen 7 and Ryzen 9: Belonging to the high-end series capable of smooth multitasking , often equipped on high-configuration laptops.

AMD FX

FX is considered the first generation chip of the AMD family, consisting of 8 cores with 8 processing threads, providing enough power to meet the needs of common use.

However, the FX series has a major drawback of high power consumption and AMD has now stopped producing this chip line and replaced it with Ryzen.

AMD Threadripper

AMD Threadripper is considered the most powerful chip in the AMD family when it comes to 16 cores and 32 threads . At the same time, this chip line is also integrated with SenseMI technology to enhance performance, in addition to Ryzen Master to optimize power saving.

The AMD Threadripper chip uses the same Zen architecture as the latest Ryzen generations. They are usually equipped on workstations, suitable for those who do specialized graphics jobs such as rendering videos, editing movies, …

AMD Athlon

The AMD Athlon chip is designed in the same Zen architecture as the Ryzen series. This chip line belongs to the low-cost segment, equipped with 2 cores and 4 threads with a clock speed of up to 3.2 Ghz , which can meet basic office tasks and light online gaming.

AMD Epyc

AMD Epyc chip is a specialized product line equipped on servers with a structure consisting of 23 cores with 48 threads, providing high-speed multitasking capabilities.

This chip line is developed based on AMD Infinity Architecture , with the great advantage of being able to prevent errors in the processor, high security and good compatibility with external devices.

Compare AMD and Intel chips

Comparison table of AMD chips and Intel chips

Criteria	AMD Chips	Intel Chips
Specifications and features	From 8 – 23 cores , 4 – 32 threads . Good multithreading performance.	2 – 12 cores , less threads. Good single-threaded performance
Software and Drivers	The integrated graphics card has higher performance.	Integrated graphics card performance is worse.
Overclocking	Popular line: Support more overclocking. High-end series: Overclocking is worse.	Popular line: Little support for overclocking. High-end series: Extremely good overclock.
Gaming performance	Lower computing performance. Better graphics performance.	Higher computing performance. Lower graphics performance.
Price	From 720,000 VND or more (updated in October 2022)	From 1,080,000 VND or more (updated in October 2022)

summary

The Intel chip series has the great advantage of being popular and diverse in models , providing many options for users. In addition, is good compatibility with most devices currently on the market, convenient for use.

However, Intel chips have a relatively high selling price compared to the current common ground. For laptops equipped with Intel chips with integrated graphics cards, they will not be able to handle tasks related to image and video processing too well.

Meanwhile, AMD chips are cheaper than Intel chips with the same performance level. Besides, this chip line also has less power consumption than the competition.

The big disadvantage of the AMD chip line is that it is not compatible with the drivers in the most optimal way. In addition, the ability to handle graphics and video rendering tasks is also a bit worse than the Intel chip.

Tnhelearning.edu.vn hopes that the above article has provided you with useful knowledge. If you still have any questions, leave a comment for advice!