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This article was co-written by Lacy Windham, MD. Dr. Windham is a Board Certified Obstetrician & Gynecologist in Tennessee. She attended medical school at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis and completed her residency at East Virginia School of Medicine in 2010 for which she was awarded the Distinguished Residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Doctor of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Best Resident in Oncology and Best Resident Doctor.
There are 18 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 3,605 times.
Herpes is a disease caused by the Herpes Simplex virus, which has two variants, HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 usually presents as cold sores or canker sores, but can sometimes appear on the genitals. HSV-2, the virus that causes genital herpes, is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the United States that infects the skin and mucous membranes, rectum, eyes, and central nervous system. Herpes is an incurable disease and sufferers have to live with it for the rest of their lives. [1 ] X Research Source A Wald, Genital HSV-1 Infections, Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2005 June, 82( 3), 189-190 You should take these simple steps to find out if you have been infected with this virus.
Steps
Look for signs of herpes
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Pay attention to itchy wounds. The basic way to tell if you have genital herpes is to look at the sores that appear on the genital area. They usually appear about 6 days after infection. Wounds caused by the HSV-1 virus mainly appear on or in the mouth, while the HSV-2 virus causes wounds on the thighs, buttocks, rectum, and perineum. In women, they also appear on the vulva, labia, vaginal entrance, and cervix, and in men, on the glands of the penis, the shaft of the penis, and in the urethra.
- Initially, red patches appear in clusters over the infected area, [2] XTrusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to the source of pain with a sensation of heat and itching during the first few hours after manifesting. [3] X Research Resources Beauman, John G. and MC Maj, Genital Herpes: A Review. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15, 72(8): 1527-1534 .
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Notice other physical symptoms. Initially when new wounds appear, you often experience symptoms such as headache, fatigue, fever and swollen lymph nodes in the genital area (these nodes are located above and on either side of the genitals). genital). [4] X Research Source You may also experience some other symptoms as your body is fighting against the Herpes virus. [5] X Research Resources Beauman, John G. and MC Maj, Genital Herpes: A Review. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15, 72(8): 1527-1534 .
- Similar to flu symptoms are fever, general aches and pains, and malaise. [6] X Research Sources
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Pay attention when the wound turns into an ulcer. Depending on the specific case, the itching will start to change after a few hours to a few days. From hot and itchy wounds, they turn into oozing blisters, forming long patches or bands, and starting to exude a pus-like discharge.
- This fluid is pale yellow and bloody. [7] X Research Resources Beauman, John G. and MC Maj, Genital Herpes: A Review. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15, 72(8): 1527-1534 .
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Note signs of improvement. Eventually the ulcer begins to scab, and soon the skin around the sore will heal and new skin will grow that is not itchy or painful. Ulcers usually heal without scarring, with healing time depending on the severity of the previous outbreak.
- These symptoms are indicative of the initial flare-up, and are always more severe than subsequent flare-ups. The first outbreak usually lasts from 2 to 6 weeks, the latter lasts only about 1 week on average. [8] X Research Resources Beauman, John G. and MC Maj, Genital Herpes: A Review. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15, 72(8): 1527-1534
Medical diagnosis
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Learn viruses. There are two variants of the same virus known as Herpes Simplex. The HSV-1 virus is what causes cold sores, although it can also cause genital herpes. [9] X Credible Resources Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to the source HSV-2 is the main virus that causes genital herpes. The number of patients infected with HSV-1 is much higher than that of HSV-2, with about 65% of Americans having been infected with HSV-1 and the majority having the disease as children. [10] X Trusted Source PubMed Central Go to Source Many people contract the virus without knowing it, mainly because it causes no symptoms other than flare-ups of the wound. That’s why there are hundreds of thousands of new cases each year in the United States alone, and about 80% of people infected with HSV-2 show no symptoms. [11] X Research Source
- Herpes is most contagious through direct contact with a wound or secretions containing the virus. However, the disease can be transmitted by contact with skin that does not appear to be infected. [12] X Credible Sources Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source Transmissibility decreases with time from initial infection, and by up to 70% after 10 years. [13] X Research Source
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Ask your doctor for tests to confirm the results. If you think the wound or sore is caused by herpes, you’ll need medical tests to confirm your conclusion. Polymerase chain reaction, also known as PCR test, is the standard method for detecting herpes virus. This test copies your DNA from a blood sample (or from a wound or spinal fluid). They then test your DNA to determine if you have the HSV virus, and specifically which strain of the virus. [14] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- Your doctor may also do a viral culture test. [15] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to the source With this test they must take a swab from the wound, then place the sample in a Petri dish. Testing time is a bit long because it has to wait for the virus to develop. Once a sample of the virus has been collected, your doctor will test you to determine which strain of the virus you have. [16] X Research Source Beauman, John G. and MC Maj, Genital Herpes: A Review. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15, 72(8): 1527-1534[17] X Credible Sources Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source This method takes more time and is also less accurate than the PCR test. [18] X Trusted Source Centers for Disease Contrp and Prevention Go to source
Treatment of herpes
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Take the medication valacyclovir (Valtrex). There is no cure for herpes, but you can shorten the duration of outbreaks. As soon as you think that the disease is breaking out, you should see a doctor for a prescription for oral medication. After an official diagnosis is made, the doctor will write a prescription for you to start the treatment process. Valacyclovir is a commonly prescribed medication. [19] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source If it’s your first flare, you should start taking the medication within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms and take it continuously for 10 days. Dosage depends on each patient, so you must take it as directed by your doctor. [20] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- In general, the normal dose for a first flare-up is 1000mg twice daily for 10 days. For the following times the dose is 500mg 2 times per day and taken for 3 days.
- If the disease flares up frequently, i.e. more than 9 times per year, you can use valacyclovir as suppressive therapy. This means you take medicine to prevent flare-ups instead of just taking it at the first sign of illness. If you choose this solution, you must take it as prescribed by your doctor, usually the dose is 500mg twice a day, and taken daily.
- The initial symptom is itching and a slight stinging in the area where the blisters will appear for a few hours to a few days afterward. Start taking the medicine as soon as you feel a tingling and burning sensation. [21] X Research Sources Simmons, Anthony, Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Considerations of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2002 186, Sup 1, S71- S77
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Take the medicine acyclovir (Zovirax). [22] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source Although valacyclovir is the newest drug to treat herpes, you can also take older medications that are no longer commonly used. The reason is that these drugs have a higher frequency of taking and cause more trouble for patients. However, their cost is much cheaper than valacyclovir. As with other drugs, the dosage depends on the patient, so you must take it as prescribed by your doctor. [23] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- If your doctor gave you this medicine during your first flare, the usual dose is 200mg 5 times a day, awake for 10 days. If you are in the stage of recurrent disease, you should take 200mg 2-5 times a day, taken when awake for 5 days (or for a whole year).
- Acyclovir is also available in a cream form. Acyclovir cream is not as effective as the oral form, but can aid in the healing of mouth sores. Apply cream upon awakening every 3 hours for a week. [24] X Research Sources Simmons, Anthony, Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Considerations of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2002 186, Sup 1, S71- S77
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Ask your doctor about famciclovir (Famvir). As with other herpes medications, it is best to ask your doctor to prescribe this medicine within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. [25] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source Dosage varies from person to person, so you must take it as prescribed by your doctor. [26] X Trusted Source Mayo Clinic Go to Source
- The usual dose to treat a flare-up is 1000mg twice daily, and only once a day. The usual dose for relapse suppression is 250 mg twice daily for a year.
- Generally you would take one pill twice daily and only take one a day to treat a relapse. To keep the disease from recurring, your doctor may ask you to take it twice a day for a year. [27] X Research Source
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Apply home remedies. There are many ways to self-treat for herpes outbreaks. Lysine is an amino acid that has shown therapeutic effects, especially in oral form. You should take 1000mg of lysine 3 times per day. You can also get lysine from your diet by eating foods rich in lysine like fish, chicken, eggs, and potatoes. [28] X Research Sources
- Aspirin is also helpful for herpes, but you must consult your doctor before you start taking it. One of the active ingredients of the drug is taken from the bark of the willow tree, which helps to inhibit the herpes virus. Take 325mg 1 time per day.
- Perilla can be applied directly to the wound, it has a healing effect if applied 4 times a day until the wound shows signs of improvement. [29] X Research Sources
- Similar to Zovirax cream, you can use zinc cream. Apply a topical zinc oxide cream to the wound every day to promote healing. In addition, people also apply aloe vera gel to the wound to stimulate premature skin birth. [30] X Research Resources Beauman, John G. and MC Maj, Genital Herpes: A Review. Am Fam Physician. 2005 Oct 15, 72(8): 1527-1534
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This article was co-written by Lacy Windham, MD. Dr. Windham is a Board Certified Obstetrician & Gynecologist in Tennessee. She attended medical school at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis and completed her residency at East Virginia School of Medicine in 2010 for which she was awarded the Distinguished Residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Doctor of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Best Resident in Oncology and Best Resident Doctor.
There are 18 references cited in this article that you can see at the bottom of the page.
This article has been viewed 3,605 times.
Herpes is a disease caused by the Herpes Simplex virus, which has two variants, HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 usually presents as cold sores or canker sores, but can sometimes appear on the genitals. HSV-2, the virus that causes genital herpes, is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the United States that infects the skin and mucous membranes, rectum, eyes, and central nervous system. Herpes is an incurable disease and sufferers have to live with it for the rest of their lives. [1 ] X Research Source A Wald, Genital HSV-1 Infections, Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2005 June, 82( 3), 189-190 You should take these simple steps to find out if you have been infected with this virus.
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