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Made entirely from natural ingredients like coconut and palm oils, natural soaps are great for softening and healing skin naturally. While this product is easily available, with a little prep work to gather the necessary ingredients and tools, you can make your own natural soap at home. This process takes patience and even a bit of experimentation to find the correct proportions of the additive ingredients. Learning and understanding the basic steps of the soap making process can help you create other unique natural soaps as well.
- 60 g food grade caustic soda (sodium hydroxide)
- 130 ml distilled water
- 350 ml olive oil
- 45 ml castor oil
- 75 ml melted coconut oil
- 15 ml of essential oils of your choice
The finished product is 4 bars of soap
Steps
Make a solution of oil and caustic soda
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Use a food scale to measure the right amount of ingredients. Using the correct amount of ingredients is crucial to successful soap making. If an ingredient is not measured correctly, the proportions will be wrong, making it difficult for the soap to solidify properly. [1] X Research Source
- If you don’t have a food scale, you can purchase a scale in the kitchen supply section of a supermarket or order it online through major retailers.
- Do not use all containers, utensils, molds, or pots used for measuring or making soap to prepare food. Caustic soda can be contaminating and unsafe for food.
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Wear protective gear when using caustic soda. Caustic soda is caustic, and you need to avoid getting it on your skin or near your face. To protect your skin when working, you need to wear long sleeves, gloves and goggles. Avoid inhaling vapors by working near an open window, or by opening a fan to circulate air. [2] X Research Source
- If you have breathing problems or are afraid of inhaling caustic soda while working, wear a respirator. You can buy respirators at hardware stores or online through major retailers.
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Pour 130 ml of distilled water into a stainless steel flask. If you don’t have a stainless steel jar, you can use a sturdy, thick plastic one. Avoid using aluminum cans, as caustic soda will react with aluminum. [3] X Research Sources
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Stir 60 g of food grade caustic soda into a pitcher of water. Pour the caustic soda into the water slowly so that it does not fall into the water. Use a silicone spatula to stir the water while adding the caustic soda. Continue stirring until dissolved. [4] X Research Sources
- You should always pour caustic soda into the water instead of doing the opposite. If you pour water directly into the caustic soda, the chemical reaction will happen too soon and the caustic soda will give off heat. [5] X Research Sources
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Wait 30-40 minutes for the caustic soda solution to cool. Be careful when handling or moving the caustic soda solution. The natural chemical reaction between caustic soda and water will heat the solution. [6] X Research Source
- When mixed with water, caustic soda can reach a temperature of 93 degrees Celsius. Even when cooled, the solution is still relatively hot – about 38-43 degrees Celsius . [7] X Research Source
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Heat the coconut oil in a water bath to melt the solids. Stir the coconut oil over low heat so it doesn’t bubble or burn. Remove the oil from the heat when all the solids of the oil have melted. [8] X Research Sources
- A similar product to coconut oil is babassu oil, a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the South American babassu palm tree. If you are allergic to coconut oil or want to try a new one, you can substitute the same amount of babassu oil.
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Mix the oils in another stainless steel vessel. Mix 350 ml olive oil, 45 ml castor oil, 75 ml melted coconut oil. Castor oil will foam in the soap when applied, olive oil will help soften and condition the skin, and coconut oil will help the soap solidify. [9] X Research Source
- Coconut oil will be hot, so you should be careful when mixing it with other oils.
Mix soap mixture
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Pour the caustic soda solution into the oil tank. Pour the mixture slowly to avoid overflow. Be careful not to burn yourself, as both the caustic soda and the oil are hot. [10] X Research Source
- The temperature of the oil and caustic soda solution will be about 38-43 degrees Celsius. Use a stainless steel thermometer to measure the temperature before mixing the two solutions together. If the temperature of the oil is lower, you need to heat the oil in a water bath until the two solutions are at the same temperature. [11] X Research Source
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Use a stainless steel spoon to stir the solution to mix the ingredients. Any stainless steel spoon will work, but a spoon with a long handle will be easier to stir. Continue to stir gently for about 30 seconds to mix the oil and caustic soda before you blend the mixture more thoroughly. [12] X Research Source
- If you don’t have a stainless steel spoon or the handle isn’t long enough, you can use a hand blender (without turning it on) to gently stir the mixture.
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Add clay minerals, sugar, flowers or herbs to color the soap. Choose an ingredient that helps the soap turn the color you want. The olive oil that you used to make the soap will turn a yellow or cream color as the soap solidifies. If you don’t mind the color, there’s no need to add any ingredients. [13] X Research Source
- You can add some cosmetic clay to give the soap a pink, green, or white color.
- Use a few drops of milk, cane sugar, or honey to give the soap a warm caramel color.
- If you prefer a more vibrant soap, you can use petals or leaves from your favorite herbs. For example, alkanet root powder will give soap a purple color, and spinach will give it a green color.
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Use a hand blender to blend the solution for 1 minute. Dip the knife part of the hand blender into the mixture before turning on the machine, lest the solution will be sprayed out of the jar. Slowly move the blender around the jar to blend the mixture. [14] X Research Source
- If your hand blender has multiple speeds, use the slowest. Fast grinding speeds can create unnecessary air bubbles in the soap.
- You can buy a hand blender at a supermarket or online.
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Alternately stir and blend to thicken. Continue using the hand blender to switch to the off button to stir the mixture, but do not change to the stirring spoon to prevent the mixture from falling out. Continue this process for 5-10 minutes. [15] X Research Source
- In the soap making process, a solid soap mixture is also known as a “strip” mixture. This means that the mixture is thick enough for you to drop a little on the surface of the mixture and the streak is still there. Soap that reaches this consistency requires no further mixing and can already be poured into the mold.
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Mix essential oils into the soap streak mixture for the desired fragrance. Start by adding 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of essential oil and stirring with a stainless steel spoon. Essential oils when mixed into the mixture will have a stronger scent than when the soap has solidified. Therefore, if the mixture is not very fragrant, add a little at a time until it is fragrant. [16] X Research Source
- Some essential oils that are often added to soaps are vanilla, almond, lavender, lemongrass, geranium, and peppermint.
Pour the mold and dry the soap
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Pour the mixture into a 10cm silicone soap mold. Use a rectangular mold to pour 4 bars of soap. The basic soap mold is 10×10 cm and 7.5 cm thick. You can find such a mold at craft stores or online. [17] X Research Source
- Consider using silicone molds with fun shapes or designs to personalize your homemade soap. You can also use a long, undivided rectangular mold to then cut out into individual bars of soap. [18] X Research Sources
- Avoid using muffin tins or baking trays, as the soap mixture will damage the tin and also the soap. [19] X Research Source
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Cover the freezer paper and towel over the mold with the soap mixture to keep the heat inside. Leave the soap on for at least 24 hours, but check from time to time to make sure the soap doesn’t overheat and crack. If cracks appear, move the mold still covered with freezer paper to a cooler location, such as a darkened cabinet or a cool basement. [20] X Research Sources
- Use freezer paper instead of regular wax paper because freezer paper is thicker, and wax paper can melt from the heat of the soap mixture. You can also use stencils.
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Open the foil and wait for the soap to solidify for 2-3 days. Check at least once a day to make sure the soap is properly set and undisturbed. You will see the texture of the soap gradually turn into a jelly-like state over the course of 3 days. By the third day, you should find the soap quite hard to the touch. [21] X Research Source
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Remove the soap bars from the mold to dry. Place the soap in a place out of direct sunlight and let it sit for at least 6-8 weeks. The air will help the soap dry and harden. After this time, you can use and enjoy! [22] X Research Source
- Soaps that use a higher ratio of water to oil will only need to dry for 4-6 weeks. [23] X Research Sources
- If using a long rectangular silicone mold, you can use a knife to carefully cut the soap into 4 equal cakes before drying. [24] X Research Source
Warning
- Be careful with allergies or sensitive skin when making natural soaps. If you know you are allergic to an ingredient, choose a similar substitute. If you make soap and experience skin irritation, stop using it immediately. [25] X Research Sources
Things you need
- Weighing food
- Silicone soap mold 10×10 cm
- 2 heat-resistant stainless steel tanks
- Water-proof steamer set
- Stainless steel spoon
- Stainless steel thermometer
- Hand blender
- Rubber Hopper
- freezer paper or stencils
- Towel or rag
- Measuring cup and measuring spoon
X
This article is co-authored by a team of editors and trained researchers who confirm the accuracy and completeness of the article.
The wikiHow Content Management team carefully monitors the work of editors to ensure that every article is up to a high standard of quality.
This article has been viewed 23,115 times.
Made entirely from natural ingredients like coconut and palm oils, natural soaps are great for softening and healing skin naturally. While this product is easily available, with a little prep work to gather the necessary ingredients and tools, you can make your own natural soap at home. This process takes patience and even a bit of experimentation to find the correct proportions of the additive ingredients. Learning and understanding the basic steps of the soap making process can help you create other unique natural soaps as well.
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