What is computer hardware? Overview of parts in hardware

Desktop computers have been around for a long time, but many people still do not understand what computer hardware is and the basic parts of hardware. Let’s find out with Tnhelearning.edu.vn through the article below!

What is hardware?

Hardware is a term used to describe tangible physical devices located outside or inside a computer that can be seen and handled by the user.

A complete computer is composed of many external hardware devices such as: computer monitor, mouse, keyboard, speaker, headset, printer,… And the internal structure includes: power supply , chip, RAM, ROM, motherboard, video card, … and a number of Drives such as: Bluray, DVD, CD-ROM, hard drive, floppy drive, …

A complete computer is made up of many internal and external hardware

Details of the basic components of computer hardware must have

CPU – Central Processing Unit – Central Processing Unit

CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the central processing unit – a particularly important part is considered the brain of the computer . The CPU will perform basic functions including: receiving information, decoding codes and executing instructions . Each structure inside the CPU assumes a separate function and task.

The CPU is composed of a small circuit board, inside is a ceramic chip that is attached to the circuit board (mainboard). CPU speed is measured in units of Hertz (Hz) or Gigahertz (GHz) , the larger the value, the faster and more powerful your CPU will be.

The CPU is composed of a small circuit board, inside is a ceramic chip

Motherboard – Mainboard

The motherboard is an important part that helps connect the components inside the machine together into a block . The motherboard is responsible for controlling the speed and transmission of data between electronic components and distributing voltage flows to devices mounted on the mainboard.

Usually the motherboard will be located in the case for PCs or integrated in the screen for AIO computers.

The PC motherboard will be located in the case and in the screen if it is an AIO computer

RAM – Random Access Memory – temporary data memory

RAM is known as random access memory . When a user opens a software on a computer, data will be transferred from the hard drive to RAM and then sent to the CPU for processing, and finally back to the hard drive for access. The more GB of RAM, the faster the processing speed will be.

The more GB of RAM, the faster the processing speed will be

Hard Drive

The hard drive is not only a place to store data in the computer , but also directly related to many important issues such as: boot speed, speed of copying and exporting data of the machine, the safety of personal data. put it on the machine…

There are two popular types of hard drives today, HDD and SSD, with different prices and processing speeds. Hard drive capacity is measured in Gigabytes (GB) or Terabytes (TB) .

There are two popular types of hard drives today, SSD and HDD

Computer Monitor – Monitor

The computer screen is the place to display and serve the communication process of the user and the computer . Each screen will have different resolution, screen brightness, size, screen ratio, etc., so depending on your own use and financial needs, users can choose products. Fit.

Each screen has different parameters

Power Supply – Power Supply Unit – PSU

Power Supply Unit (PSU), also known as the computer’s power supply – a hardware device located inside the case that provides power for most important parts of the computer such as RAM, hard drive. , mainboard,…

The power supply will help convert high voltage alternating current (usually 220V) into currents with smaller voltage levels. Aim to translate without damaging internal components for smooth operation of the computer.

Power supply helps to convert high voltage alternating current to small voltage

Case – Case

The computer case is a protective cover for the components inside the computer to help the machine avoid unwanted impacts from the outside such as shocks, water, dust, etc. Depending on the needs and numbers amount of components inside that you can choose the right case.

The computer case is a protective cover for the components inside the computer

Radiator fan

The cooling fan has the function of lowering the computer CPU temperature to a suitable level to be able to operate stably to avoid overheating that will damage components.

The structure of the radiator fan is quite simple, including: radiator, heat pipe and base. There are many types of cooling fans on the market today, but there are two common cooling methods: air-cooled or liquid-cooled.

The cooling fan helps to lower the computer CPU temperature to a suitable level

Details of the basic components of the optional computer hardware

Graphics card

Graphics card, also known as video card, is an essential device that helps to process image information in a computer , such as color, resolution, and contrast of the image. If you are a gamer or a person who studies and works related to design, then the graphics card has a major role in determining your experience.

Graphics cards are divided into two types: discrete cards and onboard cards (built-in on the computer). Depending on your needs and preferences, you can choose the right video card.

Graphics cards help process information about images in the computer

Sound card

The nature of sound inside computers already exists in the form of digital signals. The sound card will help convert the digital signals into electromechanical sound for output to the speakers. The sound card is an unnecessary device and you only add it if you need to increase the experience when using it.

The video card should only be integrated if you really need it

Network card

The network card is the part that can be added or not to connect to the Wifi network. The main function of a network card is to provide network communication and is responsible for converting computer signals into signals on the transmission medium. Depending on your internet usage needs, you can choose to add a network card to your PC.

The network card is the part that can be added or not to connect to the Wifi network

Keyboard – Keyboard

The keyboard is the main device that helps users communicate and control the computer system . Users manipulate by typing commands from simple to complex such as entering words, shutting down the computer, playing games… If there is no keyboard, the computer will report an error and cannot be started easily.

Keyboards usually have about 83 to 105 keys and are divided into four groups: numeric keys, compose keys, function keys, and screen control key groups.

The keyboard is the main device that helps users communicate and control the computer system

Mouse – Mouse

A computer mouse is a handheld input device that allows users to control the on-screen cursor to select text, icons, files and folders on your computer. If your PC doesn’t have a computer mouse, you won’t be able to execute any commands on the computer.

You can barely use your PC without a computer mouse

Hopefully this article has provided you with more information about computer hardware and an overview of its components. If you have any questions, please leave your information below to let Tnhelearning.edu.vn know!